Soldier, born in Chieri, near Turin, Italy, on the 19th of February 1797; died in Rome on the 25th of December 1879; served under Napoleon from 1813 to 1814; in the Sardinian army against Napoleon; fought against the restoration of Ferdinand VII. to the Spanish throne in 1823; was captured, and when set free went to America; fought in Mexico against the Spaniards in 1827; served under Santa Anna in 1832. In 1834 he engaged in business in New York, where he remained until 1848, when he returned to Italy to take part in the revolution; in 1849 was appointed minister of war of the Roman republic; again went to New York when the French took Rome in July 1849; returned to Italy to fight under Garibaldi in 1860; became prominent in the Italian house of representatives, and was a leader of the Irredentists in 1878.
