before a vowel also SULPH- (q.v.), used as combining form of SULPHUR, in names of chemical compounds containing sulphur, or (in modern use) produced by the substitution of sulphur for oxygen (etc.) in a compound: now superseded extensively by THIO-, q.v. (Many of the names originated with French chemists.)
e.g., SULPHOCYANIC, SULPHOVINIC, with derivatives; sulphoantimonic, -arsenic = sulphantimonic, -arsenic (see SULPH-); sulphobenzoate, a salt of sulphobenzoic acid, formed by the combination of sulphuric acid with benzoic acid; so sulphobenzamate, -benzamic, -benzamide, -benzide, etc.; sulphocarbonate, -carbonic, etc. = THIOCARBONATE, -CARBONIC; sulphocarbolic = phenolsulphonic. Also SULPHO-ACID, SULPHO-SALT; sulpho-compound, -group.
1855. Scoffern, Orr’s Circ. Sci., Chem., 473. Pentasulphuret of antimony, otherwise called *sulpho-antimonic acid.
1836. T. Thomson, Min., Geol., etc., 530. *Sulpho-Antimonite of Nickel.
1833. Rees, trans. Berzelius’ Anal. Inorg. Bodies, 135. *Sulpho-arseniates. Ibid., 137. *Sulpho-arsenites.
1842. Graham, Elem. Chem., 101. *Sulpho-arsenious and *sulpho-arsenic acids, which resemble arsenious and arsenic acids respectively in composition, but contain sulphur instead of oxygen.
1864. Webster, Sulpho-arsenic,… said of an acid consisting of five equivalents of sulphur and one of arsenic.
1836. T. Thomson, Min., Geol., etc., 537. *Sulpho-Arsenide of Cobalt.
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 486. Ethylic *Sulphobenzamate, or *Sulphobenzamic Ether. Ibid., 484. Sulphobenzamic acid … the amic acid of sulphobenzoic acid.
1835. R. D. & T. Thomson’s Rec. Gen. Sci., I. 206. *Sulpho-benzide.
1854. Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc., VI. 195, note. Sulphophenylamide, the amide of Mitscherlich’s *sulphobenzidic acid.
1843. Chem. Gaz., I. 598. The existence of *sulphobenzine, C24H5SO2, and of *sulphobenzinic acid.
1835. R. D. & T. Thomson’s Rec. Gen. Sci., I. 129. The *sulpho-benzoates of zinc. Ibid., 128. *Sulphobenzoic Acid.—This acid is formed by adding benzoin to sulphuric acid as long as any of it is taken up.
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 489. *Sulphobenzol, C7H6S. Syn. with Sulphide of Benzylene.
1856. Fownes’ Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 6), 489. *Sulphobenzolate of baryta.
1857. Miller, Elem. Chem., Org., v. § 1. 305. Sulpho-benzolic and sulphanilic acid, have actually been obtained.
1856. Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc., VIII. 271. *Sulphobutylic Acid may be separated from its baryta-salt by sulphuric acid. Ibid., IX. 253. *Sulphobutyrate of barium. Ibid. The preparation of disulphopropiolic and *sulphobutyric acid.
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 490. *Sulphocarbamate of Ammonium … crystallises in long lemon-yellow prisms. Ibid. *Sulphocarbamic acid is obtained in the free state by decomposing the ammonium-salt with dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acid. Ibid., 493. *Sulphocarbamide … has not yet been obtained. It contains the elements of sulphocyanate of ammonium.
1876. Dunglison, Med. Lex., *Sulphocarbolates,… a class of salts prepared by heating together pure carbolic and sulphuric acids, diluting with water, and saturating with the base, as soda, zinc, &c. Ibid., *Sulphocarbolic Acid,… a compound soluble crystalline acid, resulting from the union of hydrated sulphuric acid and pure carbolic acid.
1833. Rees, trans. Berzelius’ Anal. Inorg. Bodies, 132. The *sulphocarbonates of alkaline earths and metals, when heated, yield a residue of sulphuret, and disengage sulphuret of carbon.
1857. Miller, Elem. Chem., Org., iii. § 3. 146. *Sulphocarbonic acid (bisulphide of carbon).
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 494. Sulphocarbonic ethers. These are bodies having the composition of carbonic ethers, in which the oxygen is replaced, wholly or partly, by sulphur.
1838. T. Thomson, Chem. Org. Bodies, 196. When ethal is placed in contact with common sulphuric acid, without the application of heat, there is no action. But, when we apply the heat of the water-bath,… *sulphocetic acid is formed. The *sulphocetate of potash is neutral.
1857. Miller, Elem. Chem., Org., vi. § 1. 374. The sulpholeic acid is more permanent than the *sulpho-compounds of the solid fatty acids.
1838. T. Thomson, Chem. Org. Bodies, 196. *Sulphoglycerate of lime.
1838. R. D. Thomson, in Brit. Annual, 313. *Sulphoglyceric acid.
1871. Jrnl. Chem. Soc., N.S. IX. 378. Therefore sulphanilic acid holds the *sulpho- and amide-groups in the positions 1 : 4.
1880. Jrnl. Soc. Arts, XXVIII. 446. They … introduced both the sulpho-groups into one side of the molecule.
1838. T. Thomson, Chem. Org. Bodies, 179. Sulphomethylic acid [is obtained] from *sulphomethylate of barytes.
1836. Brande, Chem. (ed. 4), 1127. *Sulpho-methylic acid.
1826. Phil. Trans., CXVI. Index, *Sulphonaphthalates.
1826. Faraday, ibid., II. 162. I may … suggest [the name] *sulpho-naphthalic acid, which sufficiently indicates its source and nature without the inconvenience of involving theoretical views.
1844. Chem. Gaz., II. 509. The *sulphonitrite is transformed into *sulphonitrate under the influence of sulphurous acid. Ibid., 508. When the sulphonitrite of potash is treated with a fresh quantity of sulphurous acid in presence of an excess of potash, it is completely transformed into another salt, which contains a new acid, which I have named *sulphonitric. Ibid. *Sulphonitrous acid is formed of four elements, which represent sulphuric acid, sulphurous acid, nitrous acid and water.
1837. R. D. Thomson, in Brit. Annual, 348. *Sulpho-oleic acid.
1845. Todd & Bowman, Phys. Anat., I. 207. The compound of sulphuric acid and elaine, or sulph-oleic acid.
1881. Encycl. Brit., XII. 844/1. *Sulphophœnicic acid, sulphopurpuric acid, or indigo purple.
1896. Allbutt’s Syst. Med., I. 744. *Sulphoricinic phenol.
1841. Brande, Chem. (ed. 5), 1082. *Sulphosaccharate of lead falls. Ibid. Peligot prepared *sulphosaccharic acid by carefully adding 3 parts of sulphuric acid to 1 of grape sugar fused on a water-bath. Ibid. (1836), (ed. 4), 956. *Sulphosinapic acid was found by Henry and Garot (Jour. de Chim. Med. [1825] I.) in mustard, radish, and turnip-seed…. The *Sulphosinapates of the alkaline bases are crystallizable.
1838. T. Thomson, Chem. Org. Bodies, 903. There exists in it [sc. mustard] a peculiar crystallizable body, to which they gave the name of *sulphosinapisin; but which has been shortened by Berzelius into sinapin.
1868. Fownes’ Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10), 224. Tellurium Sulphides … are brown or black substances, which unite with metallic sulphides, forming salts called sulphotellurites and *sulphotellurates.
1844. Fownes, Chem., 310. *Sulpho-telluret [ed. 1852 *sulpho-telluride] of bismuth.
1900. Daily News, 19 Feb., 8/6. A plant capable of treating fifty tons of sulpho-telluride ore.
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 718. Tellurous sulphide combines with the sulphides of basylous metals, forming the *sulphotellurites.
1878. Kingzett, Anim. Chem., 197. Compound *sulpho-ureas.
b. occas. in other technical uses = ‘sulphur’: sulphobacteria sb. pl. (see quot.); sulphochromic a., sulphur-colored.
1890. Billings, Nat. Med. Dict., Sulphobacteria,… bacterial organisms which grow in sulphurated waters, and which contain sulphur.
1895. Arnold & Sons’ Catal. Surg. Instrum., 57. Suture or Ligature Sulpho-Chromic Catgut.
