Stall sb.¹

Forms: 1 steall, steal, stal, 3–7 stal, stalle, 3 steal, 3–4 stel, 4–6 stale, (5 stayle, stawll), 6 staull, stawle, stawyll, 6–7 staule, 7 staul, 6–9 Sc. staw, 3– stall. [Com. Teut. (wanting in Gothic): OE. steall masc. standing, state, place, stall for cattle, corresponds to OFris. stal (WFris. stâl, NFris. stal, staal), MDu., mod.Du. stal masc., MLG. stal masc., neut. stall for cattle, OHG., MHG. stal masc., neut. place, dwelling, stall for cattle (mod.G. stall masc.), ON. stall-r masc. supporting block or slab, pedestal, stall for horse (MSw. stalder, Sw. stall, Da. stald stable):—OTeut. stallo-. The word passed into Romanic: It. stallo place, stalla stable, OF. estal place, position, stall for merchandise, etc. (mod.F. étal butcher’s stall). Several of the English senses were probably adopted from Anglo-French, but this is not absolutely certain.

  The OTeut. *stallo-, according to the now prevailing view, represents an older *stađlo-, f. root *sta- to STAND. The pre-Teut. form of the suffix may have been either -dhlo- or -tlo-; on the former supposition the word would correspond formally to L. stabulum STABLE sb.; on the latter it would be a variant of *staplo- STADDLE sb.]

  † 1.  gen. Standing-place, place, position; place in a series, degree of rank; in OE. occas. state, condition. Obs.

  In stead and stall (? corruptly in street and stall), everywhere, continually (see STEAD sb.).

c. 1000.  Ælfric, Gloss., in Wr.-Wülcker, 150. Carceres, horsa steal.

1042, c. 1220.  [see STEAD sb.].

c. 1200.  Ormin, 2145. Þatt stannt wiþþ hire sune i stall þær heȝhesst iss inn heoffne. Ibid., 11854. To beon abufenn oþre menn I stalless & i sætess.

c. 1230.  Hali Meid., 6. Of se swiðe heh stal, of se muche dignete,… as hit is to beo godes spuse.

a. 1240.  Sawles Warde, in Cott. Hom., 263. Ha liuieð … euer mare in a steal in al þat eauer god is.

a. 1300.  Cursor M., 396. In þe ouermast element of all; þer þe fir he has his stall.

c. 1400.  Ywaine & Gaw., 695. Als he was stoken in that stall, He herd byhind him, in a wall, A dor opend.

c. 1450.  Robin Hood & Monk, lxxxix. in Child, Ballads, III. 101/2. Robyn Hode is euer bond to hym, Bothe in strete and stalle.

c. 1460.  Towneley Myst., ii. 375. In hell I wote mon be my stall.

1481.  Caxton, Godfrey, Prol. (1893), 3. The noble Godefroy of Boloyne whiche … was stalled in the thyrde stalle of the moost worthy of Cristen men.

a. 1618.  Sylvester, trans. Panaretus, 1306. He found her out in a hot-humid Cell…. The Angell … Made little stay in this unholesome Stall.

  † 2.  Phrases. a. [Cf. OF. phrases with estal: see Godefr.] To bring to stall: to bring to a stand, to fix, settle. To hold one’s stall: to stand firm, keep one’s position. To make, take, etc., stall, to keep at stall: to make a stand, take up a position, stop. To take (a tree) to stall: to take up one’s position (there). Obs.

c. 1205.  Lay., 1671. Þa Freinsce weoren isturmede & noðelas he stal makeden. Ibid., 21294. Whar Colgrim at-stod & æc stal wrohte.

c. 1330.  R. Brunne, Chron. Wace (Rolls), 5077. For eche man tok a tre to stal, As tristi as a castel wal. Ibid., 14144. Temese & Londone he passed al, At Wynchestre þer tok he stal. Ibid. (1338), Chron. (1725), 146. Now has he brought to stalle, his lond stabled redy. Ibid., 156. I salle bring him to stalle, bot he mak me acquitance.

c. 1450.  Merlin, xviii. 286. Gaheries with his warde … kepte at stall a longe while, but in the fyn he mote yeve grounde a litill.

1523.  Ld. Berners, Froiss., I. lxxxi. 42 b/2. Y^e englysshmen drewe sagely to y^e dykes, and ther made a stall tyll all their men wer in sauegard.

  † b.  [Perh. a distinct word (? OE. stæl): cf. OE. on nánum stale béon to be no help (to), Ælfred, Orosius, V. ix.] To stand (much, great, etc.) stall, to stand much in stall: to afford great help, be of use or service (const. dative of person). Obs.

c. 1250.  Owl & Night., 1632. Ah þu neuer mon to gode Lyues ne deþes stal ne stode.

a. 1272.  Luue Ron, 200, in O. E. Misc., 99. Hwo so cuþe hit to þan ende hit wolde him stonde muchel stel.

13[?].  K. Alis., 2748 (Laud MS.). It was no wonder gret stal he stood Amonge hem alle was non so good.

c. 1315.  Shoreham, Poems, i. 746. Þe bone þat swych prest þer byȝt No stel ne schel hym stonde.

1399.  Pol. Poems (Rolls), I. 365. The bag is ful of roton corne, So long ykep, hit is forlorne, hit wille stonde no stalle.

c. 1420.  Sir Amadace (Camden), xxxix. A mon that hase alle way bynne kynde, Sum curtas mon ȝette may he fynde, That mekille may stonde in stalle.

c. 1440.  Ps. Penit. (1894), 22. Envye and wrathe of herte … Schul stonde a man yn lytul stal, Whan he is clothed yn a clowt, To wone withynne a wormes wal.

  3.  [Cf. mod.F. stalle.] A standing-place for horses or cattle; a stable or cattle-shed; also each division for the accommodation of one animal in a stable, cattle-shed or cow-house; also, a manger.

c. 725.  Corpus Gloss. (Hessels), S 512. Stabulum, stal.

c. 1200.  Trin. Coll. Hom., 113. On [stride he makede] of heuene into þe maidenes inneðe, Oðer þenne in to þe stalle.

c. 1250.  Owl & Night., 629. Vor hors a stable & oxe a stalle.

c. 1300.  K. Alis., 1885. For Alisaundre … Heom to sakyn heo gon calle, So bocher the hog in stalle.

c. 1390.  Chaucer, Truth, 18. Forþe, pylgryme, forþe, forþe beste out of þi stal.

c. 1420.  Anturs of Arth., 447. His stede was sone stabillede, and lede to þe stalle.

c. 1440.  Ps. Penit. (1894), 27. But seth thi flesch lord was perceyved, Ther hit was leid ful streit yn stalle Was ther no synful man deceyued That wolde to thy mercy calle.

c. 1440.  Promp. Parv., 472/1. Stalle, of beestys stondynge, boscar, presepe.

1500–20.  Dunbar, Poems, lxi. 33. Great court horss puttis me fra the staw, To fang the fog be firthe and fald.

1596.  Shaks., Tam. Shr., II. i. 360. I haue … Sixe-score fat Oxen standing in my stalls.

1615.  Chapman, Odyss., XIV. 156. Then fed he here, Eleuen faire stalles of Goats.

1697.  Dryden, Virg. Georg., III. 331. The youthful Bull must wander in the Wood; Or, in the Stall at home his Fodder find.

1782.  Phil. Trans., LXXII. 370. At the west end is a stall for one horse.

1856.  Froude, Hist. Eng., I. i. 23. The art of fatting cattle in the stall was imperfectly understood.

1870.  Rossetti, Poems, Stratton Water, ix. The Kine were in the byre that day, The nags were in the stall.

  fig.  1601.  B. Jonson, Poetaster, III. i. 114. This tyrannie Is strange, to take mine eares vp by commission, (Whether I will or no) and make them stalls To his lewd solœcismes, and worded trash.

  b.  transf. U.S. (See quot.)

1890.  T. M. Cooley’s Railw. Amer., 232. The earlier locomotives, like horses, were given proper names…; the compartments in the round-houses for sheltering locomotives are termed stalls.

  † 4.  [So OF. estal.] A seat of office or dignity.

a. 1300.  Cursor M., 8582. Þar was he sett in king stall.

1399.  Gower, Praise of Peace, 383. Sette ek the rightful Pope uppon his stalle.

14[?].  Sir Beues (C.), 1283. He broght hym yn to the halle And set hym at mete yn knyȝtes stalle.

1568.  Grafton, Chron., II. 663. He was set in the sure stall, stable throne, and vnmoveable Chayre of the crowne of his realme.

1638.  W. Lisle, Heliodorus, X. 167. Persina [the Queen] … (rising from her stall) Entreats the King.

  fig.  a. 1586.  Sidney, Astroph. & Stella, lxxx. Sweet-swelling lip,… Nature’s praise, Vertue’s stall; Cupid’s cold fire, Whence words, not words but heav’nly graces slide.

  † b.  Assigned quarters, privilege of residence (in an almshouse). Obs.

1595.  in Maitl. Club Misc. (1833), I. 75. That gif evir heireafter David Moreson or Johone Wilsoun sall injure be wordis Sir Bartilmo Simsone [the Master], thay salbe deposed fra thair stallis in the almoushous of Glasgw.

  5.  [Cf. med.L. stallus, stallum, stalla, OF. estal(e, mod.F. stalle.] A fixed seat enclosed, either wholly or partially, at the back and sides, esp. each of a row of seats in the choir of a church for the use of the clergy or religious, and, in a chapter-house, for the canons; also, each of the seats appropriated to knights of the higher orders of chivalry (e.g., the Knights of the Garter in St. George’s Chapel, Windsor, the Knights of the Bath in Henry VII.’s Chapel, Westminster). Hence occas. the office, status, dignity or emolument connected with the occupancy of a (cathedral) stall; a canonry or the like.

a. 1400–50.  Wars Alex., 4543. Þe kirke of cupido is clenly a-rayed, Þe stallis & in all stedis strowid with Rose.

c. 1400.  Vesp. Ritual Ord. Nuns, in Rule St. Benet, 145. Att þe bygynnyng of þe mese þe madyn þat salbe mayde nun sal sit in þe quere a-pon a stole be-for þe priores stayle.

c. 1450.  in Maitl. Club Misc., III. 201. Item ane salter befor the Licentiatis stal strenyeit.

1522.  [see STALLATION].

1556.  Chron. Grey Friars (Camden), 61. In the qwere in the byshoppes stalle that he was wonte to be stallyd in.

1571.  Grindal, Injunct., B ij b. Where the Churches are very small, it shall suffise that the Minister stande in his accustomed stall in the Queere.

1691.  Wood, Ath. Oxon., I. 269. He was made Canon or Prebendary of the twelfth and last Stall in the collegiate Ch. at Westminster.

1756–7.  trans. Keysler’s Trav. (1760), IV. 84. The stalls of the monks in the choir are admirably carved.

1781.  Cowper, Truth, 120. Though plac’d in golden Durham’s second stall.

1788.  New Lond. Mag., May, 279/2. The eleven vacant stalls of the Most Honorable Order of the Bath.

1842.  Tennyson, Galahad, 31. I hear a voice, but none are there; The stalls are void, the doors are wide, The tapers burning fair.

1873.  Dixon, Two Queens, XIX. ii. IV. 11. But Wolsey was not satisfied … with six prebendary stalls.

  b.  A long seat or doorless pew in a church; also a ‘sitting.’

1580.  Churchw. Acc. Pittington, etc. (Surtees), 119. Item of John Carter for a staule for himselfe, iiij d. Ibid. (1584), 15. Item for George Tayler, James Huntlye, John Wilkinson, and Jarrat Swalwell, the shorte stall on the north side of the quere doore.

1748.  Richardson, Clarissa (1811), III. lxiii. 366. I have not been at church a great while; we shall sit in different stalls.

1788.  W. H. Marshall, Yorksh., II. 355. Stall; a doorless pew of a church.

1874.  Micklethwaite, Mod. Par. Churches, iii. 28. Of the pews. Note. I am quite aware that this word is dreadfully ‘incorrect.’… The ‘correct’ word is stalls, but unfortunately nave seats never are stalls.

  c.  [? After F. stalle, It. stallo.] Each of the chair-like seats arranged in rows in front of the pit in a theater; also each of the corresponding seats in other places of entertainment.

1828.  in Sala’s Jrnl. (1892), 30 April, 22. An orchestra has been constructed [at the Lyceum]: that is, a separation of the best part of the pit to the extent of about one-third; each row divided into ‘stalls’ or single seats at half-a-guinea each.

1848.  Thackeray, Van. Fair, lxii. From our places in the stalls we could see our four friends … in the loge.

1892.  Kipling, Barrack-room Ballads, Tommy, 12. They sent me to the gallery, or round the music-’alls, But when it comes to fightin’, Lord! they’ll shove me in the stalls!

1901.  Trowbridge, Lett. her Mother to Eliz., xviii. 89. The boxes were empty, and only a few of the orchestra stalls were taken.

  6.  [Cf. OF. estal (mod.F. étal), Flemish stal.] A bench, table, board or the like, esp. one in front of a shop, upon which goods are exposed for sale; a booth or covered stand for the sale of wares at a market, fair, or in the open street; a stand at a Fancy Fair.

1377.  Langl., P. Pl., B. XVI. 128. And knokked on hem with a corde and caste adown her stalles.

a. 1400.  in Engl. Gilds (1870), 353. Also, no wollemongere, ne no man, ne may habbe no stal in þe heye-stret … bote he do war-fore.

c. 1400.  Destr. Troy, 1580. There were stallis by þe strete stondyng for peopull, Werkmen into won, and þaire wares shewe.

c. 1450.  Godstow Reg., 412. Iohn Curcy of Oxenford yaf … to hugh hore of Oxenford, mercer, a selde, with the stalle afore and a Celer vndir.

1581.  Fulke, in Confer., III. (1584), X iiij. I heard you at Garbranges staule in Oxenforde aske for Irenæus Epistles.

1590.  Spenser, F. Q., I. v. 49. All these together in one heape were throwne, Like carkases of beasts in butchers stall.

1592.  Arden of Feversham, II. ii. Prentise. Tis very late; I were best shute vp my stall.

1644.  Digby, Nat. Bodies, xix. (1658), 209. I have oftentimes seen in a Mercers shop, a great heap of massie gold lace lie upon their stall.

1714.  Gay, Sheph. Week, Saturday 73.

1762–71.  H. Walpole, Vertue’s Anecd. Paint. (1786), III. 124. The pocket-books were lost, but seven of them a friend of Vertue’s met with on a stall, bought, and lent to him.

1822.  Scott, Nigel, xiv. Though I was bred at a flesher’s stall, I have not through my life had a constant intimacy with collops.

1848.  Thackeray, Van. Fair, lxvii. She is always having stalls at Fancy Fairs for the benefit of these hapless beings.

1894.  Hall Caine, Manxman, V. i. The market-place was covered with the carts and stalls of the country people.

  ? Proverbial phrase.  1697.  Verdicts conc. Virgil & Homer, i. 1. Sublime Notions,… which are not to be found in every Stall, are the Paterns to be imploy’d there [i.e., in an Heroic Poem].

  † b.  The booth or shed to shelter a cobbler at his work. Obs.

1692.  R. L’Estrange, Fables, II. cccci. 376. A Cobler turn’d Doctor,… What was it but the Brazen Face of the Quack … that Advanc’d this Upstart from the Stall to the Stage?

1760–2.  Goldsm., Cit. W., lxv. A poor cobbler sat in his stall by the way-side.

  † 7.  A stand for a cask. (Cf. STALLAGE 2 b, STELL sb.)

1538.  in Archæologia, XLIII. 226. The Buttery … j bread huche; j stalle to ley drynke on.

1630.  Maldon (Essex) Docum., Bundle 217 No. 22. In the buttery, i beer stalle.

  8.  Applied to a sheath or receptacle of various kinds. a. Each of the several compartments or sheaths for the fingers in a glove.

1483–.  [cf. FINGER-STALL].

1568.  Jacob & Esau, IV. viii. [Rebecca to Jacob] I haue brought sleues of kid…. They be made glouelike, and for eche finger a stall.

  † b.  Hammer stall: see quots. Obs.

1802.  C. James, Milit. Dict., s.v. Stall, Hammer stall, a piece of leather, which is made to cover the upper part of the lock belonging to a musquet. It is useful in wet weather.

1876.  Jas. Grant, Hist. India, I. lxv. 332/2. They had French firelocks, with a leather cover for the lock, known then, in our service, as a ‘hammer-stall.’

  c.  Each of a set of cases for holding cartridges, attached to a tunic or waistcoat.

1906.  Advt., Automatic Stall Cartridge Holder…. Each stall holds three cartridges, and the usual number of stalls on a coat or waistcoat is eight.

  † 9.  Each of a series of ‘screen’ book-cases set at right angles to the walls of a library, each pair forming a bay or an alcove. Obs.

1709.  Hearne, Collect. (O.H.S.), III. 318. All y^e Inner Part of y^e Library [of Exeter College] was quite destroy’d [by fire] & only one stall of Books or thereabouts secur’d.

1886.  Willis & Clark, Cambridge, II. 97. The Library … had seven ‘stalls’ or bookcases. We may assume that these were set at right angles to the walls,… with a window between each pair of cases.

  10.  Metallurgy. A ‘walled area’ or compartment between low walls in which ores are roasted.

1887.  Röhrig, Technol. Wörterbuch, I. 586/1. Röst-stadel (Met.), stall, mound, walled-in area.

1891.  Century Dict.

1911.  Webster.

  11.  [? A distinct word; cf. G. stollen (perh. the source).] Coal-mining. (See quot. 1883.)

  Pillar and stall: see PILLAR sb. 7. Post and stall: see POST sb.¹ 7 d. So also stall and room.

1665.  D. Dudley, Metallum Martis (1851), 36. When they have wrought the Crutes or Staules, (as some Colliers call them) as broad and as far in under the ground, as they think fit.

1686.  Plot, Staffordsh., iii. 148. In this Level He had five wallings or Stauls, out of which they dug the coal in great blocks. Ibid. Staules.

1883.  Gresley, Gloss. Coal-mining, 237. Stall, a working place in a mine, varying in length from a few feet to 80 yards or more, according to the thickness of the seam and system of working adopted. Stall and Room work, working the coal in compartments, or in isolated chambers or pillars.

  12.  [f. STALL v.¹ 14.] Sc. A surfeit, disrelish.

1782.  Sir J. Sinclair, Observ. Sc. Dial., 129. A staw.

1895.  Crockett, Men of Moss-Hags, v. He had gotten a staw of the red soldiers.

  13.  attrib. and Comb. a. simple attrib., as stall-back, -collar, -drain, -elbow, -end, post, -produce, -ring, -woman; stall-like adj.

1895.  M. R. James, Abbey S. Edmund, 131. The legends of saints are painted upon the wooden *stall-backs.

1844.  H. Stephens, Bk. Farm, I. § 31. 127. Each horse should be bound to his stall with a leather *stall-collar…. Iron chains make the strongest stall-collar-shanks.

1805.  R. W. Dickson, Pract. Agric., I. 51. The main drain, into which all the *stall-drains should empty themselves.

1882.  Archæol. Cant. XIV. 115. Remnants of two *stall-elbows.

1512.  Test. Ebor. (Surtees), V. 37. My body to be buried in the midd alye [of the church], at my *stale end.

1895.  Clive Holland, My Japanese Wife, vii. They [shops] have *stall-like extensions, encroaching upon the roadway.

1828.  Darvill, Treat. Race Horse, I. i. 31. Each *stall-post behind the horse’s quarters should be placed at a distance from the north wall of the building … of ten feet, which will form the length of the stall.

1887.  Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.), Stall post, or hindpost of a stall.

1848.  Thackeray, Van. Fair, xxxviii. His grandpapa … promised … not to give the child any cakes, lollipops, or *stall-produce whatever.

1844.  H. Stephens, Bk. Farm, I. § 31. 127. The best hempen cords … are … soon apt to wear out in running through the smoothest *stall-rings.

c. 1811.  Fuseli, Lect. Art, iv. (1848), 441. The child had seen many *stall and market women.

  b.  Special comb.: stall-board, (a) the board in front of or behind a shop-window upon which goods are exposed for sale; (b) a hat-maker’s ironing-board; (c) (see quot. 1875); (d) (see quot. 1887); stall-edition, a cheap edition of a work offered for sale on the bookstalls (cf. stall-literature); † stall-epistle (nonce-use), an ‘open letter’ or pamphlet sold on the stalls; stall gate, the road from a stall to the main road in a coal-mine; stall-holder, (a) the holder of an ecclesiastical stall; (b) one who is in charge of a stall at a bazaar, etc.; stall keeper, † (a) one who provides stable accommodation for horses; † (b) (see quot. 1868); (c) one who keeps a stall for sale of goods; † stall-learning, learning acquired by the perusal of books on a bookstall; stall-literature, the cheap literature of the bookstalls (cf. stall-edition); stall-man, (a) a keeper of a book-stall; (b) a man who contracts for and works a stall in a coal-mine; also each of a company of men associated for that purpose; † stall-master [= G. stallmeister], a master of the horse; stall-plate = garter-plate (see GARTER sb. 8 and cf. quot. 1522 in STALLATION); stall-reader, one who peruses the books on a bookstall; stall vicar, ? a resident canon who also performed parochial duties, as distinguished from a parochial vicar; stall-wages, the payment due by a canon to the vicar who took charge of his parish during his term of residence; stall-whimper slang (see quot.); stall-work (a) the construction of choir stalls; (b) the working of coal in stalls.

1598.  Stow, Surv., 278. Before this Mountgodard streete, *stall boords were set vp by the Butchers, to shewe and to sell their flesh meate vpon.

1666.  Act 18 & 19 Chas. II., c. 8 § 12. It shall be lawfull for the Inhabitantes to suffer their Stall boards (when their Shop windowes are set open) to … extend eleaven inches and noe more.

1745.  De Coetlogon’s Hist. Arts & Sci., II. 107/2. When steamed sufficiently and dried, we’ll put it again off the Block, brush it, and iron it on our Stall-board.

1875.  Knight, Dict. Mech., Stall-boards, a series of floors on to which soil or ore is pitched successively in excavating.

1887.  Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.), Stall board, the division between the housing places in a stable.

1898.  Fletcher, Carpentry & Joinery, xx. 222. [A ventilator] to prevent the condensation of the atmosphere against the glass, which would prevent the goods or articles on the stall-board being seen.

1854.  H. Miller, Sch. & Schm., iii. (1857), 40. A common *stall-edition of Blind Harry’s ‘Wallace.’

1642.  Milton, Apol. Smect., Wks. 1851, III. 297. So just is it in the language of *stall epistle non sense, that if [etc.].

1883.  Gresley, Gloss. Coal-mining, 237. *Stall gate.

1881.  Lady M. E. Herbert, Edith, vi. The *stallholders [of the bazaar] were presented.

1895.  Dublin Rev., July, 217. The secular canons did not displace the ancient stall-holders before 1309.

1591.  Percivall, Sp. Dict., Establerizo, a horsekeeper, a *stall keeper, Stabularius.

1865.  J. B. Harwood, Lady Flavia, xvi. Tiresome men, they declared, expected stall-keepers [at a fancy-fair] … to smile incessantly at every coxcomb who might affect to cheapen a penwiper.

1868.  Walcott, Sacred Archæol., 569. At Lincoln they [the subsacrists] were called stall-keepers.

1914.  Daily News, 29 July, 5. In several markets stall-keepers were assaulted.

1673.  [R. Leigh], Transp. Reh., 76. How well they have behav’d themselves … let … the Avenue-Readers, the Wall-Observers, and those that are acquainted with *Stall-Learning … testifie.

1831.  Carlyle, Sart. Res., II. iii. My very copper pocket-money I laid out on *stall-literature.

1761.  Sterne, Tr. Shandy, III. xxxv. There are not three Bruscumbilles in Christendom,—said the *stall-man.

a. 1608.  Dee, Relat. Spir., I. (1659), 230. Octavius Spinola, Chamberlain and *Stall-master.

1829.  Scott, Anne of G., xi. [They] scarce wondered at the fears of Caspar, the stall-master, when he found such a person in the stable.

1855.  Franks, in Archæologia, XXXVI. 214. The *Stall-plate of Sir William Parr.

1864.  Boutell, Her. Hist. & Pop., xiii. (ed. 3), 129. The Stall-Plates of the Garter are amongst the most interesting … of Historical records.

c. 1645.  Milton, Sonn., xi. A Book was writ of late call’s Tetrachordon;… Cries the *stall-reader, bless us! what a word on A title page is this!

1876.  T. Hardy, Ethelberta, xli. Regarding her as a stall-reader regards the brilliant book he cannot afford to buy.

1898.  A. F. Leach, Beverley Acc. Bk. (Surtees), I. Chapter Act Book 77 Though the parish was very large and many places in it very far off no regular vicarages had been instituted…; though *stall Vicars could not properly attend to them.

1868.  Walcott, Sacred Archæol., 330. At Hereford, where the Miserere was always sung after the investiture [of a canon]; and a bond to pay *stall-wages to his vicar was signed.

1676.  Coles, Dict., *Stall-whimper, a bastard.

1811.  Milner, Eccl. Archit. Eng., Pref. 16. An … arcade of the most elegant *stall-work.

1883.  Gresley, Gloss. Coal-mining, 237. Stall work.

1886.  Willis & Clark, Cambridge, I. 521. No attempt was made to complete the stall-work until the reign of Charles I.