A series of “townships” ranging from north to south. Thus a description of land as in T 2 N, R 3 W means that it is in Township 2 North and Range 3 West of a certain meridian point.

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1851.  If … I could only get the township and range, I’d make a cahoot business with old man Doublejoy.—J. J. Hooper, ‘Adventures of Captain Simon Suggs,’ &c., p. 37 (Phila.).

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