This word appears to have been used in the opposite senses of abolitionism and pro-slaveryism.
1847. Mr. Chipman of Michigan thanked God that he voted against that Wilmot proviso. It smelt rank of negroism.House of Repr., Feb. 8: Cong. Globe, p. 323, App.
1860. They have taken the negro to their bosoms, and lodged him in their hearts, till they know him from the sole of his splay foot to the top-knot of his woolly head, and they have imbued their minds and souls with the very quintessence of negroism.Mr. English of Indiana, the same, May 2: id., p. 282, App.
1862. Most of the common soldiers had been reared among Negroes, had become infused with Negroism, and knew nothing beyond it.N.Y. Tribune, April 14 (Bartlett).