The word just, in these phrases, is equivalent to “precisely.”

1

1881.  Just what makes the best lodgement for oyster spawn intended to be used as seed, has been greatly discussed.—E. Ingersoll, ‘The Oyster-Industry,’ p. 96.

2

1884.  Just how many bushels [of shells] a man will place in an acre depends upon both his means and his judgment.—Id., p. 95.

3