[pen-name, Mark Rutherford]. English author, born at Bedford. His father, William White, a member of the nonconformist community of the Bunyan Meeting, removed to London, where he was well known as a doorkeeper of the House of Commons; he wrote sketches of parliamentary life for the Illustrated Times, papers afterwards collected by his son as The Inner Life of the House of Commons (1897). The son was educated for the Congregational ministry, but the development of his views prevented his taking up that career, and he became a clerk in the admiralty. He had already served an apprenticeship to journalism before he made his name as a novelist by the three books edited by Reuben Shapcott, The Autobiography of Mark Rutherford (1881), Mark Rutherfords Deliverance (1885), and The Revolution in Tanners Lane (1887). Under his own name he translated Spinozas Ethic (1883). Later books are Miriams Schooling, and other Papers (1890), Catherine Furze (2 vols., 1893), Clara Hopgood (1896), Pages from a Journal, with other Papers (1900), and John Bunyan (1905). Though for a long time little appreciated by the public, his novelsparticularly the earlier oneshave a power and style which must always give his works a place of their own in the literary history of their time. He died at Groombridge on the 14th of March 1913. His eldest son, Sir William Hale White (18571949), who was created K.B.E. in 1919, became a well-known physician, and during the World War was a colonel in the R.A.M.C.