American ethnologist, born in Baltimore, MD, on the 31st of October 1848; studied at the Theological Seminary of Virginia (1867–71); ordained a deacon (1871), and was sent to Dakota among the Ponca Indians as Protestant Episcopal missionary, remaining two years. He then returned to Maryland and was afterward appointed ethnologist to the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Rocky Mountains, and transferred to the Bureau of Ethnology in 1879. Up to 1884 he had made a study of the language, mythology and sociology of the Siouan tribes, and later extended his researches to the numerous Oregon tribes. In 1885 he was made general secretary of the Anthropological Society of Washington; in the same year, vice-president of the Anthropological section of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; and in 1886 received a gold medal for his sociological works from the Royal Italian Didactic Society, of which he was also made a member. His publications include Ponka A B C Waba-ru (1873); Siouan Phonology (1883); Osage War Customs (1884); Kansas Mourning and War Customs (1885); Omaha Sociology (1885); Siouan Migrations (1886); Indian Personal Names (1886).
