Indian trader of English birth who resided for forty years among the Chickasaw and Cherokee Indians, or from 1735 to 1775, studying their dialects and attempting to trace their origin. In 1775 ne published a History of the American Indians, in which he endeavored to establish the identity of the Indians with the descendants of the lost Ten Tribes of Israel. The most valuable part of his history is in the vocabularies and comparisons of Indian dialects.