[François-Xavier].  Canadian historian, born in Quebec, on the 15th of June 1809. He was admitted as a notary in 1830. Subsequently he was clerk of the legislative assembly, member of the council of public instruction, and from 1845 till his death, city clerk of Quebec. He was the author of History of Canada, from the Discovery to Our Own Time (1852) and A Voyage to England and France in the Years 1831–33. He died in Quebec on the 3rd of February 1866.