American soldier, born in Wheeling, WV, on the 22nd of November 1837. He graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1861. He was made first lieutenant of ordnance in 1862. For a year he was engaged in mustering Missouri and Illinois volunteers, afterward assisted in the defense of Pilot Knob, and was successively commander of the arsenals at New York, Baton Rouge, Watertown, Detroit, Watervliet, Indianapolis, Allegheny, and in 1881 was placed in command of the National Armory. For eleven years he was on leave of absence, inspecting arms for the Egyptian government. He has perfected various inventions, among them the magazine-gun and carriages for light and heavy guns. He reduced the cost of manufacturing rifles at the Springfield armory, and was the originator of the niter and manganese method of bluing iron and steel, in use at the National Armory.
