Polish dramatic author, born at Kalisz, on the 11st of September 1838, studied medicine at Warsaw and Breslau; took part in the insurrection of 1863, and after its failure returned to Heidelberg, receiving the degree of doctor of philosophy in 1866. He then visited the west of Europe and Italy. He is regarded as one of the most graceful of modern Polish writers, and is the author of Mademoiselle Léocadie (1868); Le Branche d’Heliotrope (1868); Cola di Rienzi (1879); and Kiejstutt, Prince de Lithuanie (1878).