adv. [f. as prec. + -LY2.]
1. In substance; in one’s or its substantial nature or existence; as a substantial thing or being.
1398. Trevisa, Barth. De P. R., XI. i. (1495), 381. Ayere is a symple element substancyaly moyste and hote.
14[?]. trans. Honorius August. Elucid. (1909), 3. Þouȝ he [God] be ouer al wiþ his myght, he is substancialy in þe vndirstonding heuene.
1447. Bokenham, Seyntys (Roxb.), 82. Ye al thre In personys distynct substancially Arn but oo god in trinite.
1564. T. Dorman, Proufe cert. Art. Relig., 83 b. Christes fleshe and bloud … is present … in humain substance, therefore substantially.
1577. trans. Bullinger’s Decades (1592), 766. [The soul] doth not die with the bodie … bicause it liueth substantially.
1635. Jackson, Creed, VIII. i. 6. Being first made substantially man, that hee might be for a time essentially and formally a servant.
1635. Pagitt, Christianogr., I. iii. (1636), 137. The holy Ghost proceedeth from the Father by the Sonne, eternally, and substantially.
1667. Milton, P. L., III. 140. The Son of God was seen Most glorious, in him all his Father shon Substantially express’d.
1678. Gale, Crt. Gentiles, IV. III. 9. By actions modally evil, they generally understand such as are substantially good, yet have some modal accidental vitiositie.
1768. Tucker, Lt. Nat., I. I. i. 19. That which discerns is numerically and substantially distinct from that which is discerned.
1824. Scott, St. Ronan’s, xxi. You have the said Willie corporally and substantially in presence before you.
1849. Rock, Ch. Fathers, I. i. 15. That the Mass is a sacrifice in which the Body and Blood of Christ are truly and substantially present.
b. Essentially, intrinsically.
1649. Jer. Taylor, Gt. Exemp., Pref. § 32. That which substantially distinguishes Man from Man, or an Angel from an Angel.
a. 1688. Cudworth, Immut. Mor. (1731), 65. Tho’ this Old Atomical Philosophy be most solidly and substantially true.
1842. H. Rogers, Introd. Burke’s Wks., 48. An … exaggerated representation of what was substantially important truth.
c. Actually, really.
1802. Wordsw., Misc. Sonn., II. xi. There [in the glowing west] stood Indian citadel, Temple of Greece, and minster with its tower Substantially expressed.
1805. A. Knox, Rem. (1834), I. 16. In no human being, surely, was every possible part of this picture so substantially realised.
† 2. In a sound or solid manner; on a firm or solid basis; effectively, thoroughly properly, soundly.
a. qualifying verbs.
Freq. in the 16th and 17th c. in a large variety of contexts.
1505. Facsimiles Nat. MSS., I. 101. Whiche picture they shall substantially note and marke in every poincte soo that it agree in likenesse to the veray visage of the said Quene.
a. 1513. Fabyan, Chron., VI. cxlv. (1811), 132. Charlis hauynge thus the rule & gouernaunce, rulyd it well & substancially.
1521. Fisher, Serm. agst. Luther, Wks. (1876), 327. Our souerayne lorde … hath with his pen so substauncyally foghten agaynst Martyn luther.
1523. in Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm., Var. Coll. IV. 213. To serve the Citie substantially unto Mighelmasse with candell after 1d. the li.
a. 1533[?]. Frith, Disput. Purgat. (1829), 107. I pray you see how substantially he answereth the argument.
1573. Art of Limming, 3. Laye on thy syse somewhat substancially.
1574. in Vicary’s Anat. (1888), App. iii. 155. Yt was substancyally provyd … that he had verye … dysceytfully … behauyd him selfe.
1598. Barret, Theor. Warres, II. i. 26. To see that the moneys collected … be substantially and throughly bestowed in pikes.
c. 1610. Sir J. Melvil, Mem. (1735), 335. They durst not yet take such a hazardous Course, till they might lay their Plots more substantially.
1668. R. Steele, Husbandm. Call., iii. (1672), 22. The poor prophet that had substantially warned others from the devil, could not escape himself.
1670. Milton, Hist. Eng., III. Wks. 1851, V. 99. To know … what good laws are wanting, and how to frame them substantially.
1687. T. Brown, Saints in Uproar, Wks. 1730, I. 74. I’ll substantially thrash your jacket for you.
1696. R. Barclay (title), Baptism and the Lord’s Supper; substantially asserted.
b. qualifying adjs. and advs.
c. 1449. Pecock, Repr., I. xvi. 85. Substanciali leerned clerkis in logik.
1540–1. Elyot, Image Gov., 28. Lawiers substancially learned.
1583. Golding, Calvin on Deut. 53. Surely hee were substantially well armed.
a. 1694. Tillotson, Serm., Wks. (1714), 67. Substantially Religious towards God.
1711. Vindic. Sacheverell, 82. It seems he got substantially drunk.
3. Of the construction of buildings, manufacture of fabrics, etc.: Solidly, strongly.
1463. Bury Wills (Camden), 19. To make … alle thing sewr that longith therto, and substancyally wrought to endure.
1517. Torkington, Pilgr. (1884), 6. It ys a good Cite, And … substancially Edifyed.
1523. Act 14 & 15. Hen. VIII., c. 3. Worstedes … truely and substancially made and wrought.
1665. Sir B. G. D’Ouvilly, Brief Disc., 18. These are substantially, strongly, and curiosly made Casements.
1702. Lond. Gaz., No. 3789/4. A Yacht … well, substantially, and lately built.
1845. Stocqueler, Handbk. Brit. India (1854), 393. The wall, substantially built of burnt brick.
1846. Guide Archit. Antiq., 76. The Register … being substantially bound in Russia.
1879. Cassell’s Techn. Educ., IV. 1/1. A … lathe … well and substantially made.
4. In all essential characters or features; in regard to everything material; in essentials; to all intents and purposes; in the main.
1781. Cowper, Hope, 398. For aught I see, Your faith and mine substantially agree.
1800. J. Foster, in Life & Corr. (1846), I. 135. They substantially agree with me.
1855. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., xix. IV. 287. It is … reasonable to believe that his narrative is substantially true.
1856. Froude, Hist. Eng. (1858), I. ii. 134. Demands … which, though taking many forms, resolved themselves substantially into one.
1865. Mozley, Miracles, i. 7. Extraordinary Divine agency partakes substantially of a miraculous character.
1875. Whitney, Life Lang., xii. 240. It has maintained its own institutions, political and religious and linguistic, substantially unchanged from the very dawn of the historic period.
1881. Westcott & Hort, Grk. N. T., Introd. § 17. Texts substantially free from the later corruptions.
† 5. With substantial or ample comfort. Obs.
1663. Pepys, Diary, 18 May. By seeing how much better and more substantially I live than others do.
1809. Pinkney, Trav. France, 21. They seemed … to live very comfortably, not to say substantially.
