Also 8 stumm, stume. [a. Du. stom, subst. use of stom dumb. Cf. F. vin muet in the same sense; also G. stummer wein, wine that tastes flat.]
1. Unfermented or partly fermented grape-juice, must; esp. must in which the fermentation has been prevented or arrested by fumigation with sulphur.
1662. Charleton, Myst. Vintners (1675), 149. This Flower thus separated, is what they name Stum.
1665. Oxf. Gaz., No. 16/1. Another Vessel was … laden with Wine and Stum.
1705. Addison, Italy, Antiq. near Naples, 234. An unctuous clammy Vapour that arises from the Stum of Grapes.
1769. Mrs. Raffald, Eng. Housekpr. (1778), 329. To make Stum.
1802. Paley, Nat. Theol., xv. (ed. 2), 286. As necessary … as the fermentation of the stum in the vat is to the perfection of the liquor.
1845. T. Smeed, Wine Merchant’s Man., 59. Dissolve half a pound of white candy in a pint of Rhenish stum.
1858. Simmonds, Dict. Trade.
pl. 1710. Lond. Gaz., No. 4681/4. There are about 50 Hdds … of … French Wines, some Stumes &c.
1731–3. P. Shaw, Chem. Lect., x. (1755), 191. This is the common Method of matching Casks for Wines, but particularly for Stums.
transf. 1766. Complete Farmer, s.v. Mead 5 M 2/1 The usual practice of making it so strong as to bear an egg, is very wrong. The liquor is thereby rendered a mere stum.
b. Must as used for renewing vapid wines. Also occas. applied to apple-juice similarly used.
1692. B. Jonson’s Leges Conviv., v. Let our Wines without mixture, or Stum be all fine.
1693. Rymer, Short View Trag., 78. Chaucer threw in Latin, French, Provencial, and other Languages, like new Stum to raise a Fermentation.
1731–3. P. Shaw, Chem. Lect., x. (1755), 192. After the same manner a Stum is prepared in England from the Juice of Apples.
fig. 1679. Shadwell, True Widow, III. 32. ’Tis the stum of Love that makes it fret and fume, and fly, and never good.
1682. Dryden, Medal, 270. Thy bellowing Renegado Priests, That … with thy Stumm ferment their fainting Cause.
1707. Refl. upon Ridicule, 168. Get rid of this stum in your Blood.
2. Vapid wine renewed by the mixture of stum.
1664. Butler, Hud., II. i. 569. I’ll carve your name on Barks of Trees,… Drink every Letter on’t, in Stum; And make it brisk Champaign become.
1746. Fielding, True Patriot, No. 24, ¶ 7. We drank nine bottles a-piece of stum.
3. attrib. and Comb.
1675. Merrett, in Charleton’s Myst. Vintners (ed. 2), 219. Herring Roes preserve any Stum Wines.
1719. D’Urfey, Pills, V. 84. Who hate the stum Poison of Spain and France.
1753. Chambers’ Cycl., Suppl., s.v. Must, The Rhenish Must … made without boiling is only put up so close in the vessel, that it cannot work; this is called stumm-wine.
1769. Mrs. Raffald, Engl. Housekpr. (1778), 329. Then put a quart of stum-forcing to it, which will … make it fine and bright.
