Pa. t. bad, bade, (bæd), bid. Pa. pple. bidden, bid. Here there are combined two originally distinct verbs; viz.
A. Béodan; beden, bede. Forms: 1 béodan, 2–3 beoden, 3–5 beden, 3–6 bede, 4–5 beede, 7 dial. bede. Pa. t. sing. 1 béad, 2–3 bead, 2–4 bed, 3–4 bedd, 4–5 bede; also 3–6 bod, 4–6 bode. pl. 1 budon, 2–3 buden; also 3–4 bedde(n, 4 bede, beode, 5 beede; also 3–4 boden, 5–6 bode. Pa. pple. 1–6 boden, 4 -in, -un, 4–5 -yn, bode, 5 bodden, -yn, 6 bouden, bod, 9 dial. bodden, Sc. budden.
B. Biddan; bidden, bidde; bid. Forms: 1 biddan, 2–5 bidden, (2–3 biden, 3 bedden), 3–6 bidde, 4–6 bydde, (4 bedde, bide), 4–5 bidd, 4–6 byd, (5 byde), 4– bid. Pa. t. sing. 1 bæd, 2–9 bad, 3–5 badd, 4 baad, 4–6 badde, (6 Sc. bald), 4– bade; also 3–6 bed, 4 bedd, 5 bede, Sc. baide; also 6 bidde, bydd, 7–9 bid. pl. 1 bǽdon, 2–3 beden, 3–5 bede; also 3 badden, 4–5 baden, 4–9 bad, bade; also 6–9 bid. Pa. pple. 1–5 beden, 3–5 -in, -yn, (y)bede, 4–5 bedun, 4 bedd; 3– bidden, (4 -in, 5 bed, byden, 6 bad), 7–9 bid.
[A. OE. béodan, béad, budon, boden, = OS. biodan (MDu. and Du. bieden), OHG. biotan (MHG. and mod.G. bieten), ON. bioða, Goth. biudan (pa. t. bauþ, budum, pple. budans):—OTeut. *beudan ‘to stretch out, reach out, offer, present,’ hence ‘to communicate, inform, announce, proclaim, command’; pre-Teutonic *bheudh-, cogn. with Skr. budh to present, and perh. with Gr. πυθ- (for φυθ-) in πυθέσθαι ‘to inform oneself.’ From the pa. pple. boden was derived the sb. boda messenger, whence the vb. bodian to BODE, announce. The normal ME. forms were bēde(n, pa. t. bead, bēd, beed, pl. buden, pa. pple. boden. But by form-levelling, the pa. t. had also pl. bēden, bēd(e from the sing.; and later also bod(e, by assimilation to the pa. pple.
B. OE. biddan, bæd, bǽdum, beden, = OS. biddian (MDu. and Du. bidden), OHG. and mod.G. bitten, ON. biðja, Goth. bidjan (pa. t. baþ, bêdum, pple. bidans):—OTeut. *bidjan, assigned to a pre-Teutonic *bhedh- ‘to press’ (cf. Skr. bâdhate to press), whence the senses ‘to ask pressingly, beg, pray, require, demand, command.’ (Osthoff would connect bidjan with Gr. πείθω.) The normal ME. forms were bidde(n, pa. t. bad, pl. beaden, bede(n, pa. pple. beden. By form-levelling the pa. t. had also occasionally sing. bead, bēd, beed, and at length pl. baden, bade, bad; and the pa. pple. became bidden, whence also a later pa. t. bid.
C. Thus the sense ‘command’ had been developed in both verbs already in OE. The past tenses were further confused in form in ME. The result was the frequent substitution of the forms of one verb for the other, in other senses also, and their total confusion after 1400–1500. As a whole, the forms of biddan, bid are those which survive in literary Eng., but in the dialects these are quite mixed, in such conjugations as bid, bad or bod, bodden or budden. Senses survive from both verbs, though mostly archaic, or in certain unanalysed phrases, as to ‘bid farewell,’ ‘bid a truce,’ ‘bid fair’; the chief modern use is that of ‘bid at an auction,’ ‘bid for votes or support,’ which belongs to bede. The senses of ‘invite’ and ‘order’ are in every-day use in the north, but archaic in southern speech, where ‘bid him do it’ is regularly made ‘tell him to do it.’ Particular forms of the pa. t. and pa. pple. are preferred with particular senses.]
A. Senses originating from OE. béodan, ME. bede, but taking eventually the form bid).
The bede quotations are marked α, the bid quotations β.
I. To offer, present.
† 1. trans. To offer. Obs. in the general sense.
α. a. 1000. Cædmon’s Gen. (Gr.), 2435. Hafa árna þanc ðara, ðe ðu unc bude.
c. 1000. Ælfric, Deut. xx. 10. Beod him ærest sibbe.
a. 1225. Ancr. R., 156. Heo wule … aȝein þe smitare beoden uorð hire cheoken.
a. 1240. Ureisun, in Cott. Hom., 201. Þu beodest þin elning al wið-ute bone.
c. 1250. Gen. & Ex., 1069. Loth hem bead is doȝtres two.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 12360. Leons … bede til him þus þair seruise.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Clerkes T., 304. Thilk honour that ye me bede.
c. 1440. York Myst., ix. 170. Som bote us bede.
β. c. 1250. Gen. & Ex., 2653. He bad ðis child brennen to colen.
c. 1430. How Gd. Wijf tauȝte hir Douȝtir, 32, in Babees Bk. (1868), 39. If ony man biddiþ þe worschip, and wolde wedde þee.
c. 1435. Torr. Portugal, 794. A knyghtes dowghttyr wase hym bed.
† b. intr. with dative infin. Obs.
a. a. 1225. Ancr. R., 390. He … bead for to makien hire cwene of al þet he ouhte.
† c. spec. (trans.) To offer (treatment); intr. to offer to act. Obs. With dat. of person.
a. c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 13. Þet uuilc mon scal beoden oðre alswa he wile þet me him beode.
1314. Chart., in Arnold, Chron. I nyl suffer, yt ony man you any wrongis beed.
2. trans. † To bid (any one) battle, arms: to offer battle to, challenge to fight. Obs. To bid defiance (still in use). (With pa. t. bade, pple. bidden.)
α. a. 1300. Cursor M., 7472. Ilk dai he come … and batail bede [v.r. bed, bedd] wiþ sli[k] manace.
c. 1330. K. of Tars, 1018. Uppon the soudan thei beode bataile.
c. 1450. Lonelich, Grail, xlvi. 517. Aȝens the miscreantz bataille to bede.
β. 1570. Marr. Wit. & Sc., IV. i. in Hazl., Dodsl., II. 364. When you feel yourself well able to prevail, Bid you the battle.
1590. Marlowe, 2nd Pt. Tamburl., II. ii. An hundred Kings … will bid him arms.
1611. Speed, Hist. Gt. Brit., VII. xlv. 371. Edmund … two dayes after at Brentford bad them battaile.
1626. Massinger, Rom. Act., IV. i. We, undaunted yet … bid defiance To them and fate.
1639. Fuller, Holy War, II. xxxvi. (1840), 98. Whom he bade battle, and got the day.
1848. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., II. 15. That spirit which had bidden defiance to … the House of Valois.
† b. ellipt. To challenge, defy. Obs.
α. 1375. Barbour, Bruce, VII. 103. I trow he suld be hard to sla, And he war bodyn all evynly.
† c. To bid the base: to challenge to a run at prisoners’ base; hence fig. Obs. See BASE sb.2
β. 1591. Shaks., Two Gent., I. ii. 98. Indeede I bid the base for Protheus.
3. trans. To offer (a certain price) for, to offer as a price one is prepared to give for. (Sometimes with dative obj. of person: ‘you bid me too little.’)
¶ In this sense the pa. t. and pa. pple. are now bid; Scotch writers retain the past, bad, bade, used by Dr. Johnson.
α. c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 213. Þe sullere loueð his þing dere … Þe beȝer bet litel þar fore.
1297. R. Glouc., 378. He sette hys londes to ferme wel vaste Wo so mest bode vore.
β. c. 1470. Henry, Wallace, II. 38. For a strak he bad hym grottis thre.
1530. Palsgr., 454/2. You bydd me money and fayre wordes.
1602. Shaks., Ham., II. ii. 372. There was … no mony bid for argument.
a. 1704. T. Brown, Two Oxf. Scholars, Wks. 1730, I. 9. If I … farm out my Tythes, my Parishioners will bid me half the worth of them.
1751. Johnson, Rambl., No. 161, ¶ 10. [They] bade her half the price she asked.
1832. Ht. Martineau, Each & All, iii. 37. Starving thousands … bid their labour against one another for bread.
Mod. Who bids five shillings for this lot?
b. intr. (ellipt.) To offer (any one) a price, to make an offer (for a thing), as ‘to bid at an auction.’ To bid against (a person): to compete with (him) in offers. Often fig. as in ‘to bid for the Irish vote.’ Also with indirect pass., To be bid for; and with complemental object, To bid (a thing) up: to raise its price by successive bids.
β. 1611. Shaks., Cymb., III. vii. 71. I bid for you, as I do buy.
1776. Adam Smith, W. N., I. 90. Masters bid against one another in order to get workmen.
1777. Sheridan, Sch. Scand., V. iii. I stood a chance of … being knocked down without being bid for.
1848. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., I. 669. The intolerant king and the intolerant church were eagerly bidding against each other for the support of the party.
1851. J. M. Wilson, Tales Border, XX. 256. Some other individuals bade, and the bodes had arrived at £14,000.
1864. Burton, Scot. Abr., II. 264. They bade them up until they reached 10,000 livres.
4. intr. To bid fair: to offer with reasonable probability, to present a fair prospect, seem likely. Orig. with for and object; now also with infin. (With pa. t. bade, pa. pple. bidden.)
β. 1646. S. Bolton, Arraignm. Err., 360. Two things would bid fair for it, if not wholly accomplish this desired accommodation.
1738. J. Keill, Anim. Œcon., 24. The Bones of all the Parts … seem to bid the fairest for Solidity.
1786. T. Jefferson, Corr. (1830), 4. The present reign bids fair to be a long one.
1869. Freeman, Norm. Conq. (1876), III. xiv. 334. The proposed expedition … bade fair to be successful.
II. To announce, proclaim, threaten.
† 5. To proclaim, announce. Obs. exc. in one or two arch. phrases, as ‘to bid the saints’ days’: see 1725. In Bid the banns, it is doubtful whether the original sense was ‘proclaim,’ or ‘ask’ as in 7; the phrase seems to go back only to the 16th c., and thus exists only in the β form.
α. a. 1000. Guthlac (Gr.), 716. Geácas ʓear budon.
c. 1340. Cursor M., 13363 (Fairf.). A bridale was þer bodin an.
1398. Trevisa, Barth. De P. R., XII. viii. [The stork] is messanger of spryngynge tyme, and in hire comynge sche bedeþ [1535 tokeneth, Lat. prædicat] nouelte of tyme.
c. 1440. Morte Arth. (Roxb.), 2. A turnement the kinge lett bede.
β. 1483. Cath. Angl., 31. To byde halydayes, Indicere.
1599. Bp. Hall, Sat., IV. i. 124. Go bid the baines and point the bridall day.
1622. Sparrow, Bk. Com. Prayer (1661), 150. Upon the Sundaies before these Fasts, the Priests … bid the solemn Fast.
1725. Pope, Odyss., XVII. 148. The herald … To bid the banquet interrupts their play.
1725. trans. Dupin’s Eccl. Hist. 16th C., I. v. 67. This Custom of bidding the Passover on the Day of the Epiphany. Ibid. (1603), Const. & Canons Ch. Eng., 64. Ministers solemnly to bid Holy-days.
† b. To proclaim, declare, threaten (war). Obs. Preserved in to bid a truce (in fig. sense).
α. c. 1330. R. Brunne, Chron., 49. Now is Eilred biried, þat mykelle wo beade [printed bade].
β. c. 1590. 1st Pt. Jeronimo, in Dodsley (1780), III. 77. I bid you sudden wars.
1596. Chapman, Iliad, I. 155. I was not injur’d so By any Trojan, that my powers should bid them any blows.
1805. Southey, Madoc in Azt., iii. At this late hour, When even I shall bid a truce to thought.
† 6. To make known, indicate, declare. Obs.
α. a. 1300. Cursor M., 8026 (Gött.). Þat stede Þat him was bodin in his bede.
c. 1430. Syr Gener., 1160. The Quene … most nede To Generides hir folie bede.
B. Senses originating from OE. biddan, (afterwards occasionally expressed by forms from bede).
III. To ask pressingly.
7. To ask pressingly, beg, entreat, pray.
† a. trans. with acc. of person and genitive of thing; with dative of person and acc. of thing; passing into two objects. Obs.
c. 893. K. Ælfred, Oros., VI. xxxiv. § 4. Hi hiene bædon ryhtes ʓeleafan and fulwihtes bæðes.
971. Blickl. Hom., 21. Ne bidden we urne Drihten þyses lænan welan.
a. 1000. Andreas (Gr.), 353. Þá … Andreas ongann mereliðendum miltsa biddan.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 13. Ȝe … helpes me biddað.
c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 139. A maiden bad te kinge his heued.
c. 1305. St. Edward, in E. E. P. (1862), 106. Me ne scholde him noþing bidde.
b. To press, entreat, beg, ask, pray (a person). Const. for a thing, or inf., subord. cl., or object sentence; also simply, to pray to (God, saints, etc.).
c. 1000. Ags. Gosp., John iv. 31. His leorning-cnihtas hine bædon [Rushw. bedon] and þus cwædon.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 17. Bide hine luueliche þet he þe do riht.
a. 1240. Lofsong, in Lamb. Hom., 207. Ich bide þe … bi þe þornene crununge.
c. 1250. Gen. & Ex., 2509. For godes luue ȝet bid ic ȝu … wið ȝu ben mine bones boren.
1297. R. Glouc., 337. Icham Swythyn, wam þou byst.
a. 1300. E. E. Psalter cv[i]. 19. And a kalf in Oreb maked þai, And baden þe grave.
c. 1300. Beket, 1085. And wepinge ech halewe bad: hir help forto beo.
c. 1314. Guy Warw. (MS. A.), 1628. Ich þe bidde, par charite Þat þou this bodi vnder-fo.
c. 1374. Chaucer, Troylus, III. 826. I bidde god I neuere mot haue Ioye.
† c. To ask, beg (a thing); to ask, beg, or pray for. Const. simply, or of, from a person, etc. Obs.
971. Blickl. Hom., 21. Se blinda … bæd his eaʓena leohtes.
c. 1000. Ags. Gosp., Luke xiv. 32. He sent ærynd-racan and bitt sibbe. Ibid., Matt. xx. 20. Sum þingc fram him biddende.
c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 103. Forlet þine sunnes … and bide milce þerof.
c. 1250. Gen. & Ex., 3011. Moyses bad meðe here on.
c. 1300. Beket, 1678. Thider ich wole wende And bidde mi mete for Godes love.
a. 1330. Roland & V., 534. Roland … Þo bad leue to fiȝt.
c. 1340. Cursor M., 19054 (Trin.). He bad of hem som gode.
c. 1420. Chron. Vilod., 65. To haue of God what yt he bedde.
1513. Douglas, Æneis, XI. xv. 55. I ask na trophe … Nothir byd I therof spulȝe nor renown.
[1678. Phillips, App., To Bid a boon (old word), to ask a Boon.]
† d. intr. To beg, entreat, pray; to offer prayer. Const. simply, for a person or thing, subord. cl. or with so, thus, etc. Obs.
971. Blickl. Hom., 19. He … ʓeornor bæd þæt Hælend him miltsade.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 17. Bide for him duwamliche. Ibid., 167. He is wis þe beet and bit and bet bi-fore dome.
a. 1225. Ancr. R., 228. Ure Louerd sulf … techeð us to bidden, ‘Et ne nos inducas in tentationem.’
c. 1300. Beket, 423. We biddeth nizt and dai For the.
1377. Langl., P. Pl., B. VII. 68. He þat beggeth or bit but if he haue nede, He is fals.
1387. Trevisa, Higden (1865), I. 115. Criste went ynne ful ofte for to bidde and praye.
c. 1400. Prymer, in Maskell, Mon. Rit., II. 11. Preie for the peple: bidde for the clergie.
1458. in Dom. Archit., III. 43. Now every good body that gothe on this brige, Bid for the barbour gentil Jeffray.
† e. trans. (with cognate obj.) To bid a bene, bone, bede, prayer, etc.: orig. to pray, or offer a prayer; later ‘to move the people to join in prayer,’ as in BIDDING PRAYER, arch.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 67. Hu maȝen heo bidden eni bene.
c. 1305. St. Christoph., 71, in E. E. P. (1862), 61. Þu most … to churche go: & þi beden bidde also.
c. 1375. Wyclif, Serm., Sel. Wks. II. 270. Men bidden to God þer preier.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Milleres T., 455. Stille he sitt, and biddeth his preyere.
c. 1400. Rom. Rose, 7374. A peire of bedis eke she bere Upon a lace, alle of white threde, On which that she her bedes bede.
c. 1420. Avow. Arth., xiii. To Jhesu a bone he bede.
1535. Coverdale, Jer. vii. 16. Thou shalt nether geue thankes, nor byd prayer for them.
1562. J. Heywood, Prov. & Epigr. (1867), 108. Commaundid By his Curate his pater noster to bid.
1621. Bolton, Stat. Irel., 134 (Act 28 Hen. VIII.). [They] shall bid the beades in the English tongue.
1764. Gray, in Mason, Life (ed. 2), 381. And bidding his beads for the souls of his benefactors.
[1859. Jephson, Brittany, ii. 15. I observed persons ‘bidding their beads,’ or engaged in silent devotion.]
α. Forms from OE. beoden. Obs.
c. 1250. Gen. & Ex., 3169. Quat-so he boden … Egipte folc hem lenen ðat.
a. 1300. Leg. Rood (1871), 22. Bede him þat ich deie mote.
c. 1330. R. Brunne, Chron., 29. Þat he wild bede his bone, vntille þe Trinite.
1362. Langl., P. Pl., A. IX. 96. Ȝif Dobest beede [v.r. bede, bidde] for [hem].
c. 1380. Wyclif, Wks. (1880), 167. Bi louynge & bedynge as who wold selle a worldly þing.
c. 1440. Morte Arth. (Roxb.), 90. An holy man had boddyn that bone.
1691. Ray, N. C. Words, Bid, Bede, to pray.
8. To ask (any one) to come, to invite (to a feast, wedding, burial, etc.). arch. but common dial.
a. 1225. Ancr. R., 414. Ane beggare … þet bede men to feste.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 7250. Sampson was to þe bridal bedd.
c. 1300. K. Alis., 5823. Alisaundre, and his meygnee, Comen, and badden hem entree.
1393. Langl., P. Pl., C. III. 56. Al þe riche retynaunce … Were bede [v.r. beden, ibede, boden] to þat brudále.
1483. Cath. Angl., 31/1. To byd to mete, Invitare.
1577. Northbrooke, Dicing (1843), 102. They vsed commonly to bidde their guestes a whole yeare before.
1580. Baret, Alv., B 644. I was bidde to an other place to dinner.
1611. Bible, Zeph. i. 7. He hath bid his ghests. Ibid., Luke xiv. 9. He that bade thee and him.
1632. Brome, North. Lasse, I. i. I hope you’l see our Marriage. I sent indeed to bid you.
a. 1810. Tannahill, Kebbuckston Wed., Wks. 74. I’se warrant he’s bidden the half of the parish.
1842. Tennyson, Sisters, iii. I made a feast; I bad him come.
The double sense of bid is played on in Shirley’s Wedding i. i, where Belface asks his servant Isaac whether he has invited the guests:—Isaac. I have commanded most o’ them. Belf. How, sir? Isaac. I have bid them, sir.
α. Forms from OE. beoden. Obs.
c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 159. We ben alle boden þider.
1377. Langl., P. Pl., B. II. 54. Alle þe riche retenauns … were boden [v.r. bede, a-bede] to þe bridale.
1483. Caxton, Gold. Leg., 209/2. Gladder therof than he were boden to a feste.
1541. Elyot, Image Gov., 96. She bode the emperour unto a supper.
1546. Langley, Pol. Verg. de Invent., II. vi. 45 b. He was boden to a banket.
1864. Atkinson, Whitby Gloss., s.v. Bid, I nivver was bodden.
9. In to bid welcome, adieu, farewell, good bye, good morning, the original notion was probably that of ‘pray,’ ‘invoke,’ or ‘wish devoutly’; the phrases are now used without analysis, ‘bid’ being little more than = ‘say, utter, express.’
a. 1300. Cursor M., 15060. [Vr lauerd] biddes þe welcum hame.
1413. Lydg., Pylgr. Sowle, II. lxv. (1859), 59. I bad hym adyeu.
1485. Caxton, St. Wenefryde, 9. She toke leue of this holy man and bad hym fare well.
1579. Spenser, Sheph. Cal., Sept., 1. I bidde her God day.
1593. Shaks., Rich. II., I. iv. 32. A brace of Dray-men bid God speed him well.
1632. Milton, L’Allegro, 46. At my window bid good morrow.
1711. Steele, Spect., No. 27, ¶ 4. He’ll bid adieu to all the Vanity of Ambition.
1844. Mem. Babylonian P’cess, II. 311. I now … respectfully bid the British public farewell.
α. 1600. Fairfax, Tasso, VII. xiii. 119. I bod the court farewell.
C. Senses originating independently from the two verbs. (Now referred in form to biddan.)
IV. To command, enjoin.
10. To command, enjoin, order, tell with authority. (Still literary; also in every-day use in the north; but in the south colloquially expressed by tell, as ‘tell him to sit down,’ for ‘bid him sit down.’)
a. with personal obj. (sometimes absent), and clause with that, or object sentence.
α. 971. Blickl. Hom., 15. Þa fore-ferendan him budon þæt he swiʓade.
1398. Trevisa, Barth. De P. R., VI. xxiv. (1495), 215. It is boden that they … sholde not slepe.
1598. Sylvester, Du Bartas (1608), 385. And then he bod … That daily once they all should march the round About the city.
β. c. 1000. Ælfric, Ex. xxxiii. 12. Ðu bitst me þæt ic læde ut tis folc.
c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 41. He … bit us … þat we shule þis notien.
1297. R. Glouc., 29. Ich bidde þe Sey me al clene þin herte.
a. 1400. Relig. Pieces fr. Thornton MS., 2. He byddes … þat þay here and lere þise ilke sex thynges.
c. 1460. Towneley Myst., 50. Another [commandment] bydes thou shall not swere.
a. 1520. Myrr. Our Ladye, 89. The same Pope ordeyned and badde that so yt shulde be done.
1593. Shaks., Rich. II., I. i. 164. Obedience bids I should not bid agen.
b. with personal obj., and infin.
α. c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 87. Þis laȝe sette ure drihten bi þe patriarche abraham, and bed him holden hit.
c. 1250. Gen. & Ex., 3544. Aaron and vr … boden hem swilc ðhowtes leten.
a. 1300. K. Horn, 504. Horn he dubbede to kniȝe … And bed him beon a god kniȝt.
c. 1375. Wyclif, Serm., Sel. Wks. I. 259. As God haþ bodyn hem to do.
c. 1400. Destr. Troy, II. 389. The Kyng … Bede his doughter come downe.
1477. Earl Rivers (Caxton), Dictes, 57. He that wil holde his peas till he be boden speke is to be preysed.
1529. More, Comf. agst. Trib., IV. Wks. 263/1. Who hath not bod them do wel.
1592. Warner, Alb. Eng., VIII. xli. 199. He bod me buy thy loue.
β. c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 109. Godes laȝe bit ec mon wurðie efre his feder and his moder.
c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 139. Þe king … bad binden him · and don him into prisune.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 3177. Þe angel … bade him … tak A scepe his sacrifice to mak.
c. 1470. Henry, Wallace, IV. 763. He … baide hyr haiff no dreide.
1549. Compl. Scot., vi. 40. The maister bald the marynalis lay the cabil to the cabilstok.
1581. Marbeck, Bk. of Notes, 91. Christ bidde the Church to baptise in the name of the Father, the Sonne and the holie Ghost.
1592. Shaks., Rom. & Jul., II. v. 83. Thou … bad’st me bury Loue.
1684. Bunyan, Pilgr., II. 71. [He] bid them turn aside.
1751. Johnson, Rambl., No. 171, ¶ 10. He … bad me cant and whine in another place.
1833. Ht. Martineau, Briery Creek, ii. 24. Bid them begone.
1848. Thackeray, Van. Fair, vii. Having wakened her bedfellow, and bid her prepare for departure.
1871. Freeman, Norm. Conq. (1876), IV. xvii. 73. The two Earls were … bidden to be diligent.
1876. Green, Short Hist., I. 3. Custom bade him blow his horn.
c. with the thing bidden as obj., with or without (Formerly used also in sense of ‘to order’ goods, dinner, etc.)
a. c. 1000. Ags. Gosp., John xv. 17. Ðas þing ic eow beode; þæt ʓe lufion eow ʓemænelice.
1393. Gower, Conf., Prol. I. 12. When Criste him self hath bode pees.
c. 1400. Rom. Rose, 2721. Whanne Love alle this hadde boden me.
β. 971. Blickl. Hom., 39. Ne bæd he no þæs forþon þe him æniʓ þearf wære.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 12639. Þat þai comaund wald or bide … he dide.
c. 1375. Wyclif, Serm., Sel. Wks. II. 229. He is not dispensour of service þat God haþ beden.
1401. Pol. Poems (1859), II. 35. How might ye for shame pray the pope undo that the Holy Ghost bit.
1559. Mirr. Mag., Worcester, viii. Did execute what euer my king did byd.
1610. Shaks., Temp., I. ii. 195. Hast thou, Spirit, Performd to point, the Tempest that I bad thee.
1632. Massinger, City Madam, III. i. A chapman That in courtesy will bid a chop of mutton.
d. with personal obj. only; treated at length as the direct obj.
α. c. 1430. Life St. Katherine (1884), 19. Than Adrian baptized hir as our lady had bode hym.
1541. Elyot, Image Gov. (1556), 143 b. So philosophie beadeth you.
β. a. 1300. Cursor M., 5202. Quat art þou me beddes sua?
1375. Barbour, Bruce, VI. 91. Thai did as he thame biddin had.
1483. Cath. Angl., 31/1. To bydde, admonere.
1535. Coverdale, 2 Kings iv. 24. Do as I byd the.
1599. Shaks., Much Ado, III. iii. 32. He will not stand when he is bidden. Ibid. (1601), All’s Well, IV. ii. 53. Ile be bid by thee.
1647. Sanderson, Serm., II. 216. They that were about Him, though bidden and chidden too, could not hold from sleeping.
c. 1680. Beveridge, Serm. (1729), I. 529. Nobody … bad him.
e. with no object; often with so, as, and the like.
β. a. 1000. Beowulf, 2467. Druncne dryht-guman dóð swa ic bidde.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 387. He baad, and it was don.
c. 1340. Richard Rolle of Hampole, Prick of Conscience, 2069. Had God in mynde … Als þe prophet biddes.
† 11. To bid not to do, to forbid, interdict, ban.
α, and β. c. 1400. Apol. Loll., 31. As þe olde Testament to þe redars, so is bedun to dekunnis to prech þe newe. Ibid., 45. Till þu lefe þis þat þu art bodun bi þo bidding of Crist, what þing þat þu werkyst is vnþankful to þe Holi Goost.
1622. Heylin, Cosmogr., III. (1673), 104/2. And by so doing did bid entrance unto the rest, till it were removed.
