Also 4–5 stonde, 6 arch. stond, 7 stande. [f. STAND v.
OE. had stǫnd masc., stǫndo (? fem.), delay (only once, see sense 1); equivalent formations, with the general sense ‘standing, station, state,’ are LG., Du. stand masc. (in MLG. neut.), OHG. -stand in compounds (MHG., mod.G. stand masc.), Da., Norw., Icel. stand, Sw. stånd neut.).]
I. Action or condition of standing.
† 1. A pause, delay. (OE. rare–1.)
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., Mark vi. 33. Miððy … stando moniʓo wæs [L. cum … mora (bad reading for hora) multa fieret].
c. 975. Rushw. Gosp., ibid. Miððy … stondas moniʓe werun [L. cum horæ multæ fierent].
2. The action or an act of standing or coming to a position of rest; a pause, halt, esp. in the phrases to make a stand (rarely to make stand). † Fight of stand, a hand-to-hand encounter (nonce-use: cf. stand-fight in 32 b). Now rare or Obs. (cf. 4).
1592. Shaks., Rom. & Jul., I. v. 52. The measure done, Ile watch her place of stand. Ibid. (1596), Merch. V., II. vi. 2. This is the penthouse vnder which Lorenzo Desired vs to make a stand.
1602. Marston, Ant. & Mel., I. Beeing entred, they make a stand in divided foyles.
1606. Shaks., Tr. & Cr., III. iii. 252. Why he stalkes vp and downe like a Peacock, a stride and a stand.
c. 1611. Chapman, Iliad, XIII. 290. Teucer … is great in fights of stand [Gr. ἐν σταδίῃ ὑσμίνῃ].
1622. Fletcher, Beggar’s Bush, IV. v. Why dost thou make These often stands? thou saidst thou knewst the way.
1622. F. Markham, Bk. War, V. iii. § 4. 171. To make stands (which some call Altoes or Hallts) … whereby the souldier may be refresht.
1633. P. Fletcher, Purple Isl., V. lvii. The idle Sunne stood still…, And pale-fac’d Cynthia at her word made stand.
1700. Dryden, Pal. & Arc., 191. At ev’ry Turn she made a little Stand, And thrust among the Thorns her Lilly hand To draw the Rose.
1787. Burns, Death & Dr. Hornbook, viii. It seem’d to mak a kind o’ stan’, But naething spak.
1807–8. Wordsw., White Doe, vi. 29. He … made a sudden stand.
1827. D. Johnson, Ind. Field Sports, 208. He made a stand at one of them, and appeared to deposit something.
b. fig. A stop or pause (in speech, action, etc.).
1595. Shaks., John, IV. ii. 39. And we are all well pleas’d, Since all, and euery part of what we would Doth make a stand, at what your Highnesse will.
a. 1641. Bp. Mountagu, Acts & Mon. (1642), 536. Had these narrators made a stand here,… they had found nor contradiction nor discommendation.
1709. Steele, Tatler, No. 33, ¶ 7. But by Heaven, and all that’s Sacred! If you could——. Here he made a full Stand.
1726. Butler, Serm. Rolls Chapel, vii. 127. He run on headlong in Vice and Folly, without ever making a stand to ask himself what he was doing.
† c. ? A stage in a statement or argument. Obs.
1616. Bp. Andrewes, Serm. Holy Ghost, ix. Serm. (1629), 689. I proceed now to the second Combination, of breath, and the Holy Ghost…. (I make two stands of it:) Breath and the Spirit: Christ’s breath and the Holy Spirit.
1674. [see TEW sb.2 2].
† d. = EPODE 2. Obs. rare–1.
a. 1637. B. Jonson, Pindaric Ode Mem. Sir L. Cary. The Turne…. The Counter-turne…. The Stand.
e. Theatr. Each of the halts made on a tour to give performances.
1896. A. Hornblow, in Peterson Mag., N.S. VI. 273/2. Her managers, only depend on the one-night ‘stands’ to recoup their losses in the larger towns. One-night-stand audiences are not critical.
1900. Free Lance, 6 Oct., 20/1 (Farmer). This year I’m going with Grady—north and south—right through the big two week stands.
1910. Stage Year Bk., 49. In New Zealand, it may here be mentioned, the actor must be prepared for a number of one-night stands.
† 3. A standing in ambush or in cover. Obs.
1593. Shaks., 3 Hen. VI., III. i. 3. For through this Laund anon the Deere will come, And in this couert will we make our Stand.
1616. B. Jonson, Poetaster, Apol. Dial., Thefts, notable As Ocean pyracies, or high-way stands.
1621. Markham, Fowling, 66. Now for these deade Engines [such as trees, bushes, hedges] which carry not the shape of any liuing creature, they are not altogether so necessary for the Stalke as the Stand. Ibid. You must be careful not to mooue them at all but to lye at the stand watching behinde them.
4. A holding one’s ground against an opponent or enemy; a halt (of moving troops) to give battle or repel an attack; esp. in the phrase to make a (or one’s) stand.
1590. Spenser, F. Q., II. xi. 15. On th’other side, th’assieged Castles ward Their steadfast stonds did mightily maintaine.
1607. Shaks., Cor., I. vi. 2. Wel fought, we are come off, Like Romans, neither foolish in our stands, Nor Cowardly in retyre.
1609. Holland, Amm. Marcell., XVIII. xi. 118. We … made a stand, and cast our selves into a round ring, as thinking it our safest way, neither to flye … nor to joyne battaile with them.
1736. Milit. Hist. Pr. Eugene & Marlborough, I. 85. Instead of making any Stand they retreated continually.
1790. Beatson, Nav. & Mil. Mem., I. 269. He had raised a breast-work at a narrow pass, behind which he resolved to make his stand.
1817. Jas. Mill, Brit. India, II. V. vii. 613. After a slight stand at the outer intrenchment, the enemy fled through the fort.
1839. Thirlwall, Greece, VI. xlvii. 115. The besieged made a short stand in the market-place.
1869. Freeman, Norm. Conq. (1876), III. xii. 239. His last stand was made at Dinan.
b. transf. and fig.
1602. Marston, Ant. & Mel., I. Take spirit;… make a firme stand.
1749. Chesterf., Lett., 12 Dec. (1870), 158. Mr. Hampden, to whose brave stand against the illegal demand of ship-money, we owe our present liberties.
1815. Mme. D’Arblay, Diary (1876), IV. lxiii. 286. He hoped a stand would be made against any obstinate revolt.
1833. Ht. Martineau, Brooke Farm, i. 13. We at once determined to make a stand against oppression.
1849. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., x. II. 668. Now, if ever, we ought to be able to appreciate the whole importance of the stand which was made by our forefathers against the House of Stuart.
1879. Cassell’s Techn. Educ., IV. 13/1. Endeavouring … to make a public stand against it.
c. Sporting. A prolonged resistance. In Cricket, a prolonged stay at the wicket.
1812. Sporting Mag., XXXIX. 187. [The pugilist] having made some good stands against first-raters.
1884. Lillywhite’s Cricket Ann., 60. The longest stand ever made by two batsmen.
5. A state of checked or arrested movement; a standstill; spec., the rigid attitude assumed by a dog on finding game. Chiefly in the phrases to be at a stand, to come to a stand, to bring or put to a stand.
1618. W. Lawson, New Orch. & Garden (1623), 20. At the fal of the leafe … about that time is ye greatest stand (but not descent) of sap.
1649. Cromwell, in Carlyle, Lett. & Sp. (1850), II. 243. He could reach them with nothing but his horse, hoping to put them to a stand until his foot came up.
1698. Fryer, Acc. E. India & P., 10. The Winds shrank upon us from off the Coast of Ginea … and had left us at a stand.
a. 1774. Goldsm., Hist. Greece, I. 139. Nor could he ever be persuaded to believe … that at the first pass he came to, his whole army would be put to a stand.
1837. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., II. IV. vii. For five-and-thirty minutes … the Berline is at a dead stand.
1856. ‘Stonehenge,’ Brit. Rural Sports, I. I. iii. 33. By increasing the encouragement in proportion to the increased length of stand, the dog becomes hourly improved.
1857. Livingstone, Trav., xvii. 310. We were … brought to a stand on this very plain by severe fever.
1883. A. M. Meyer, in Century Mag., Aug., 492/1. On our approach to the field, the dogs quartered it, but they did not come to a stand.
b. Hunting phrase. U.S.
1885. T. Roosevelt, Hunting Trips, 274 (Cent.). Occasionally these panic fits … make them [buffalo] run together and stand still in a stupid, frightened manner…. When they are made to act thus it is called in hunters’ parlance getting a ‘stand’ on them.
6. A state of being unable to proceed in thought, speech or action; a state of perplexity or nonplus. Nearly always in the phrases to be at a stand, to put to a stand, † to set (a person) in a stand (rare–1).
1599. Sandys, Europæ Spec. (1632), 71. Friers … being men of great marke … drew theyr Convents … with them; and thereby set the rest in such an amazement and stand, that the Pope grew in a generall great jealousie of them all.
1625. Bacon, Ess., Truth (Arb.), 499. One of the later Schoole of the Grecians, examineth the matter, and is at a stand, to thinke what should be in it, that men should loue Lies.
1652. G. Herbert, Priest to Temple, xxii. (1671), 73. The Countrey Parson being to administer the Sacraments, is at a stand with himself, how or what behaviour to assume for so holy things.
1657. E. D’Oyley in Thurloe Papers, VI. 834. The prints telling me, that the heads of their people are … accounted conspirators … hath put me to some stand how to carry myself towards them.
1734. trans. Rollin’s Anc. Hist., IV. ix. 321. There is one point however that puts me to a stand.
1790. Burke, Fr. Rev., Sel. Wks. 1898, II. 276. It remains only to consider the proofs of financial ability…. Here I am a little at a stand; for credit, properly speaking, they have none.
1821. Scott, Kenilw., xii. He is very ill at ease. The leeches are at a stand, and many of his household suspect foul practice.
1821. Shelley, Boat on Serchio, 85. With a bottle in one hand, As if his very soul were at a stand, Lionel stood.
7. A state of arrested progress (of affairs, institutions, natural processes or the like). Chiefly in the phrases to be at a stand, to come to a stand; also † to put (a hawk) unto a stand (rare–1). Cf. STOND sb.
1614. Latham, Falconry, I. xi. 41. You shall find it wil suddenly put the soundest hawke that is vnto a stand, and by this onlie meanes, surfetted and spoiled manie a hawke.
1625. Bacon, Ess., Of Usury (Arb.), 543. The Greatest Part of Trade, is driuen by Young Merchants, vpon Borrowing at Interest: So as if the Vsurer, either call in, or keepe backe his Money, there will ensue presently a great Stand of Trade.
c. 1645. Howell, Lett. (1650), I. 385. Nor did the pure Latin tongue continue long at a stand of perfection in Rome … but she received changes and corruption.
1664. Flecknoe, Discourse Engl. Stage, G 4 b. We began before them [the French], and if since they seem to have out-stript us, ’tis because our Stage ha’s stood at a stand this many years.
a. 1722. Lisle, Husb. (1757), 141. My wheat, for want of rain, was at a stand in it’s growth.
1789. Ann. Reg., Hist., 10. Public business was at a stand.
1796. Morse, Amer. Geog., I. 324. The effect [of attempting by law to regulate prices] was, a momentary apparent stand in the price of articles.
1814. Sir H. Davy, Agric. Chem., 255. In the northern winter, not only vegetable life, but likewise vegetable decay must be at a stand.
1833. Nyren, Yng. Cricketer’s Tutor (1902), 107. Then there was a dead stand for some time, and no runs were made.
1842. Hawthorne, Amer. Note-bks. (1868), II. 143. Vegetation has quite come to a stand.
8. Manner of standing (of a thing). Now only technical.
a. 1700. Evelyn, Diary, 23 July 1679. The stande [of the house], somewhat like Frascati as to its front.
1879. Cassell’s Techn. Educ., IV. 190/1. To ensure the correct ‘stand’ of the timbers in relation to the keel.
9. A standing or upright posture (as distinguished from a crouching attitude). rare.
1893. Outing, May, 154/1. In the present season, scarcely a sprinter is to be found who runs from a stand.
10. Leather-manuf. (See quot.)
1883. R. Haldane, Workshop Rec., Ser. II. 372/1. The leather may have the quality known as Stand, that is to say, may be strongly stretched in either length or breadth without springing back.
II. Place of standing.
11. A place of standing, position, station; also in phr. to take one’s stand, poet. to take stand.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 1694. Siþen efter alþernest hand þe meke beistes sal haue þair stand.
c. 1450. Mirk’s Festial, 249. Come now wyth me, and stond on ȝondyr stonde befor þe and loke downeward.
1513. Douglas, Æneis, V. 56. The stand thei [sc. competitors in a foot-race] leif, and flaw furth with a crak As windis blast.
1592. Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot., 697/1. Cum arca anguillarum et loco ejusdem (lie eill-ark and stand thairoff).
1599. Daniel, Musophilus, 212. As if themselues had fortunately found Some stand from off the earth beyond our sight.
1601. Shaks., Jul. C., II. iv. 25. Por. Is Cæsar yet gone to the Capitoll? Sooth. Madam, not yet, I go to take my stand, To see him passe. Ibid. (1603), Meas. for M., IV. vi. 10. Come, I haue found you out a stand most fit, Where you may haue such vantage on the Duke He shall not passe you.
1667. Milton, P. L., IV. 395. Then from his loftie stand on that high Tree Down he alights.
1697. Dryden, Virg. Georg., I. 498. Watchful Herons leave their watry Stand.
1704. Pope, Windsor Forest, 137. Beneath the quivering shade,… The patient fisher takes his silent stand.
1714. Parkyns, Inn-Play (ed. 2), 48. Shift your stand a little towards your Left.
1781. Cowper, Retirement, 434. [He] Begins a long look-out for distant land, Nor quits, till ev’ning watch, his giddy stand.
1827. J. F. Cooper, Prairie, i. The low stands of the spectators exaggerated the distances.
1827. Scott, Surg. Dau., iii. He saw from his lofty stand all the dumb show of gallantry.
1885–94. R. Bridges, Eros & Psyche, March xxiii. She pass’d, and taking stand Upon its taper horn of furthest land, Lookt left and right.
b. fig.
1595. S. Daniel, Civ. Wars, III. cxxv. 66. Nay father since your fortune did attaine So hye a stand: I meane not to descend, Replyes the Prince.
1648. G. Daniel, Ode vpon Liricke Poesie of G. Herbert, 32, Wks. (Grosart), I. 214. This Stand, of Lirecks, Hee, the vtmost Fame Has gain’d.
1819. Sir J. Mackintosh, Sp. Ho. Comm., 2 March, in Hansard, Parl. Deb., 782. Accepting … the noble lord’s concession,… here I might take my stand, and challenge him to drive me from this ground.
1850. Tait’s Mag., XVII. 428/2. Their opponents take their stand on a quibble.
1874. Green, Short Hist., vii. § 4. 375. He [Philip] was preparing … to take a new political stand as the patron of Catholicism throughout the world.
† c. Through lands and stands: through many countries. Obs.
c. 1380. Wyclif, Sel. Wks., III. 27. Þei schulen go þoru liȝt of þin arrowis þat is, of þi þurlinge wordis, þoru londis and stondis.
d. The resting place of a salmon.
1886. Q. Rev., Oct., 359, note. A salmon is said to be swimming when he is moving up the river from pool to pool. At other times he is usually resting in his ‘stand’ or ‘lie.’
12. The post or station of a soldier, sentinel, watchman, or the like.
1513. Douglas, Æneis, IX. xi. 1. Endlang the wallis kyrnellis euery stand, The bruyt and clamour rais fra hand to hand.
1593. Shaks., 3 Hen. VI., IV. iii. 1. 1 Watch. Come on my Masters, each man take his stand.
1624. Capt. Smith, Virginia, II. 37. At every halfe houre one from the Corps du gard doth hollow…; vnto whom every Sentinell doth answer round from his stand.
1760. Johnson, Idler, No. 95, ¶ 12. He … comes home … with such thunders at the door as have more than once brought the watchmen from their stands.
13. The standing-place from which a hunter or sportsman may shoot game; also in phr. to take a or one’s stand.
c. 1400. Master of Game (MS. Digby 182), xxxv. And þanne þe mayster forster or parker oweth to shewe hym þe kynges stonde.
1588. Shaks., L. L. L., IV. i. 10. For. Hereby vpon the edge of yonder Coppice, A Stand where you may make the fairest shoote. Ibid. (1611), Cymb., III. iv. 111. Why hast thou gone so farre To be vn-bent? when thou hast tane thy stand, Th’ elected Deere before thee?
1639. Fuller, Holy War, III. xxii. (1640), 148. Using Gods cause as hunters do a stand, in it the more covertly to shoot at what game they please.
1679. Blount, Anc. Tenures, 165. Ad stabliamentum pro venatione capienda. For driving Deer to a stand in order to shooting them.
1720. De Foe, Capt. Singleton, xv. (1840), 257. Like an old decayed oak…, where the keepers in England take a stand, as they call it, to shoot a deer.
1791. W. Gilpin, Forest Scenery, II. 24. Here too, he had a banquetting-room built, like a stand, in a large tree.
1876. Field, 9 Dec., in Greener, Breech-Loader (1892), 270. My usual practice in grouse driving is to take two guns into the ‘stands’ (called by some butts).
1913. Times, 12 Sept., 12/6. Equalization of sport by the drawing of numbers for each gun’s stand.
† 14. Hawking. An elevated resting place of a hawk; spec. as a ‘fault,’ a position of rest from flight, esp. in the phrases to take stand, go to stand, to settle. Obs.
1579. Lyly, Euphues (Arb.), 80. Lucilla … fearing he would take stand if the lure were not cast out, toke him by the hand, and … began thus to comfort him.
1611. Markham, Country Contentm., I. viii. (1615), 93. If your long-winged hawke flying … in champaine fields vse to take stand which is a foule fault you shal … shunne flying neere trees or couert:… when the hawke offers to goe to the stand, let him which is next her cast out his traine. Ibid., margin. Helps for faults in long winged hawkes, and first of the stand.
1678. Ray, Willughby’s Ornith., 409.
15. A stall or booth.
1508. Extracts Burgh Rec. Edin. (1869), I. 114. [The fleshers] sall haif thair stall and standis weill tentit with fair canves.
1568. Satir. Poems Reform., xlviii. 88. To pay my buth maill and my stand.
1845. Disraeli, Sybil, V. vi. The gas was beginning to glare in shops … and the paper lanterns to adorn the stall and the stand.
1867. J. K. Hunter, Retrosp. Artist’s Life, xxxi. (1912), 333. The shoe stands being erected in the kirkyard.
b. A street-vendor’s habitual station or pitch.
1742. Richardson, Pamela, III. 361. If I see them [beggars] often … and so much in the same Place, as if they were as tenacious of their Stand, as others of their Freehold.
16. a. U.S. A position, site or building for a business.
1787. Maryland Jrnl., 25 Dec. (Thornton, Amer. Gloss.). A Bargain will be given in that excellent stand now occupied by Mr. Mark Pringle. Ibid. (1788), 25 July (Ibid.). [Notice] to those who would wish for the best Stand for a Dry or Wet Store.
1856. Emerson, Eng. Traits, Land, Wks. (Bohn), II. 17. The shopkeeping nation, to use a shop word, has a good stand.
1867. Lowell, Study Wind., Gt. Publ. Char. (1871), 6. Their historians … have succeeded to the good-will as well as to the long-established stand, of the shop of glory.
b. S. Afr. A plot of land, a site (see quot. 1896).
1895. Westm. Gaz., 6 Sept., 6/1. It is announced by the British South Africa Company that the annual sale of stands in Rhodesia has now been completed. Township stands … realised a total of £204,280.
1896. Méliot, Eng.-Fr. Dict. Terms Finance, etc. 222. In the Transvaal, a stand is a portion of any land measuring 150×150 feet, sold or let.
1914. W. Macdonald, in 19th Cent., Sept., 592. As far back as the year 1886 a township was surveyed and laid out in stands by the Government of that day.
17. A station for a row of vehicles plying for hire; also, the row of vehicles occupying a station.
1692. Luttrell, Brief Rel. (1857), II. 411. A lieutenant of the marine regiment quarrelling with a coachman in the stand.
1768. Act 8 Geo. III., c. 21 § 25. It shall … be lawful … for the said [Paving] Commissioners … to direct … how many Coaches shall be plied at each Stand.
1820. Shelley, Let. Maria Gisborne, 265. But what see you beside?—a shabby stand Of Hackney coaches.
1833. Act 3 & 4 Will. IV., c. 46 § 113. Rules … regulating the said hackney coaches … and for fixing and altering their stands.
1841. Dickens, Barn. Rudge, xvi. Long stands of hackney-chairs and groups of chairmen … obstructed the way.
1865. Ruskin, Arrows of Chace (1880), II. 81. The just price of a cab at a stand involves an allowance to the cabman for having stood there.
18. A raised platform for spectators at open-air sports as race-meetings, football matches and the like, or for a company of musicians or performers. Band stand: see BAND sb.3 7. Grand stand: see GRAND a. 12.
1615. in W. Sheardown, Doncaster Races, Hist. Notices (1861), 4. It is agreed that the stand and the stoopes shall be pulled upp and imploied to some better purpose, and the race to be discontinued.
a. 1700. Evelyn, Diary, 20 July 1654. Neere this is a pergola or stand, built to view the sports.
1842. Niles’ Reg., 15 Oct. LXIII. 103/3. From a stand erected on Main Cross Street, Mr. Clay … reviewed a part of the procession.
1876. O. W. Holmes, How old Horse won the Bet, 110. As … The old horse nears the judges’ stand.
1884. Yates, Recoll., x. II. 47. Her Majesty then took up her station in the royal stand,… and the entire mass of Volunteers marched past.
19. An elevated platform or standing place for a speaker; a rostrum, pulpit; U.S. the place where a witness stands to testify in court, more fully witness-stand.
1833. Middlebury Free Press, 1 July, 2/2. When the late Hon. Joseph [H]awkins, took the stand, he unhesitatingly answered Mr[.] Clark’s questions.
1840. Niles’ Reg., 26 Sept. LIX. 56/2. Upon the stand, general Harrison was welcomed to Dayton, on behalf of the citizens … by judge Crane. Ibid. (1843), 18 Nov. LXV. 184/2. Dr. Davis then again took the stand [at a barbecue in Indiana], and stated that [etc.].
1865. Lowell, Study Wind., Thoreau (1871), 156. He had watched Nature like a detective who is to go upon the stand.
1885. W. Wilson, Congressional Govt., ii. 128. Members [of the French Chamber] do not speak from their seats,… but from the ‘tribune’ … a box-like stand.
† 20. The landing of a staircase. Obs. rare–1.
1709. Steele & Addison, Tatler, No. 86, ¶ 3. The simple Esquire made a sudden start to follow; but the Justice of the Quorum whipp’d between upon the Stand of the Stairs.
III. An appliance to stand something on.
21. A base, bracket, stool or the like upon which a utensil, ornament or exhibit may be set; the base upon which an instrument is set up for use.
1664. in Verney Mem. (1907), II. 211. Be pleased to by a tabel and stands of the same coler.
1686. trans. Chardin’s Coronat. Solyman, 39. As we set our Candlesticks upon Tables or Stands.
1688. R. Holme, Armoury, III. 316/1. An Oven … having … a stay or stand on the left side of it, to rest or set any thing out of the Oven thereon. Ibid., 346/1. He beareth Sable on a round foot or stand of two heights Argent, a pair of Broad Yarringle Blades.
1706. Phillips (ed. Kersey), Stand,… a Frame to set a Candle-stick on, or a Vessel in a Cellar, &c.
1727. De Foe, Eng. Tradesm. (1841), I. xxii. 207. 12 large high stands of rings, to place small dishes for tarts, jellies, at a feast.
1797. Ht. Lee, Canterb. T., Frenchm. T. (1799), I. 229. Stands for flowers were fixed on each side the dressing table.
1827. Faraday, Chem. Manip., xiii. (1842), 295. Stands of common earthenware are sold with crucibles; or the stand may be a small crucible about one inch and a half high, turned upside down.
1851. Butler, Wine-dealer, etc. 9. In storing wine, the casks should be placed on stands.
1855. Poultry Chron., III. 206. Hives last several years; the same of covers and stands.
1878. Abney, Photogr., xxx. 220. The essentials of a stand for landscape work consist of rigidity, lightness, and compactness when folded up.
1884. Knight, Dict. Mech., Suppl., Stand, 1. For holding materials for drawing or painting…. 2. (Microscopy.) The framework of a microscope, usually implying all save the object glasses and the accessory apparatus.
b. dial. (See quot.)
1854. Miss Baker, Northampt. Gloss., Stand, a small round pillar-and-claw table.
1862. C. C. Robinson, Dial. Leeds, 420.
22. A frame or piece of furniture upon which to stand or hang articles.
1692. Dryden, Cleomenes, Life 10. After Supper, a Stand was brought in with a brass Vessel full of Wine, two silver Pots,… a few silver Cups.
1822. [Mary A. Kelty], Osmond, I. 256. Ornamented … with stands of flowers and plants.
1823. J. Badcock, Dom. Amusem., 100. A wooden stand, which has several ribs across to sustain the tobacco.
1839. Dickens, Nich. Nick., x. Some dresses, were arranged on stands.
1867. Augusta Wilson, Vashti, xviii. She slowly descended the stairs, and took her hat from the stand in the hall.
1869. Dickens, Mut. Fr., III. iv. There were shelves and stands of books.
1875. Southward, Dict. Typogr., Stand, otherwise frame.
1882. C. Pebody, Eng. Journalism, xxii. 167. The Times … and the Daily Telegraph are … read at a stand in a club.
IV. Something that stands.
23. A complete set (of things).
a. Sc. (and Anglo-Irish). A set (of vestments, armor or utensils); a suit (of clothes).
c. 1450. Reg. Vestments, etc. St. Andrews, in Maitland Club Misc., III. 195. Of haill standis. Item in the fyrst of rede claith of gold, 1 stand. Ibid., 196. Of syngyll standis. Ibid. Item for lentryn iij singell standis of fustian.
1471. in Acta Audit. (1839), 12/2. The compleite stand of harnes quhilk he borrowit.
1516. in 3rd Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm., 418/2. All the haill stand of the Mess except the Book.
1534. Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot., VI. 185. To ane stand of bellis for the Kingis son, xx s.
1535. Stewart, Cron. Scot. (Rolls), II. 425. And vestimentis of mony sindrie stand.
a. 1578. Lindesay (Pitscottie), Chron. Scot. (S. T. S.), I. 367. He … gart cheise out money standis of harneise that was dowbill owergilt.
1597. Compt Buik D. Wedderburne (S.H.S.), 164. 42 stand of gad iron.
1615. in Reg. Privy Seal, Scot., LXXXV. fol. 124, in Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot. (1896), XXX. 56. Ane honest stand of Cleithing ȝeirlie.
1642. in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm., App. I. 51. And trewli for the pressent we hau not on stand of good curtteins.
1827. Scott, Chron. Canongate, vi. A full stand, as it is called in Scotland, of garments of a dark colour.
1880. Antrim & Down Gloss., s.v., Four knitting needles are a stand.
1896. Crockett, Grey Man, xvi. 122. I judged he wore a stand of chain mail underneath.
1898. J. Paton, Castlebraes, 302. They wummilt a staun’ o’ new Cairt rapes aneath his oxters, an’ pooed him oot.
b. Mil. A set (of arms, colors).
Sometimes unchanged in plural (after numerals).
1721. De Foe, Mem. Cavalier (1840), 160. He had … not a stand of arms.
1746. M. Hughes, Jrnl. Late Rebell. (1747), 12. They came riding into Edinburgh with the Stands of Cope’s Colours flying.
1794. Ld. Hood, in Nicolas, Disp. (1845), I. 401, note. By the first Ship … I shall have the honour of sending the several stand of colours taken at Bastia.
1800. Wellington, in Gurw., Desp. (1837), I. 84. I will write to the Military Board, and recommend that I may be permitted to issue to Purneal 1000 stand of the repairable arms.
1837. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., III. I. i. Beaumarchais … has commissioned sixty thousand stand of good arms out of Holland.
1876. Voyle & Stevenson, Milit. Dict., Stand of Arms, a single rifle or musket with bayonet complete.
1878. Bosw. Smith, Carthage, 389. Long lines of waggons brought to the consuls … two hundred thousand stands of arms.
24. Stand of pikes: a compact group of pikemen. Obs. exc. Hist.
1598. Barret, Theor. Warres, 69. Any troupe of shot, hauing no stand of pikes to succour them.
1647. Clarendon, Hist. Reb., VII. § 89. Major general Chudleigh … himself advanced, with a good stand of pikes, upon that party which was led by sir John Berkely.
1819. Scott, Leg. Montrose, xiv. And, comrade, you will be sure to keep your musketeers in advance of your stand of pikes.
transf. 1598. Sylvester, Du Bartas, I. iii. 843. The seed, to shut the wastefull Sparrows out, (In Harvest) hath a stand of Pikes about.
c. 1650. Denham, Of Old Age, III. 118. Drawn up in rancks, and files, the bearded spikes Guard it from birds as with a stand of pikes.
25. A drove or stud (of horses). ? Obs.
1711. P. H., Impartial View of 2 late Parlts., 256. A milk-white virgin Palfrey was chosen out of the best Stands, to mount this Undefiled Prophet on.
26. Sporting. An assemblage or group (of certain game birds).
1881. J. P. Mahaffy, in Academy, 20 Aug., 133/3. But the bird is then always solitary … and never in stands, as sportsmen call them.
1883. Black, Shandon Bells, iii. Fitzgerald knew a great deal … about the habits of a ‘stand’ of golden plover.
† 27. slang. A thief’s assistant who stands on watch. Obs.
1591. Greene, Conny Catching, II. Wks. (Grosart), X. 128. The Black Arte is picking of Lockes, and to this busie trade two persons are required, the Charme and the Stand: the Charm is he that doth the feate, and the Stand is he that watcheth. Ibid., III. 157. A game, qd. he to his fellows, marke the stand.
1622. J. Taylor (Water P.), Water-Cormorant, D 2 b. He … Liues like a Gentleman, by sleight of hand; Can play the Foist, the Nip, the Stale, the Stand.
28. A young tree left standing for timber.
1787. W. H. Marshall, Norfolk (1795), II. 389. Stands. Young Timber-trees under six inches timber girt, or twenty-four inches in circumference.
1823. E. Moor, Suffolk Words, Stand is also a young tree, unpolled.
29. U.S. A standing growth or crop (of wheat, cotton, etc.).
1868. Rep. U.S. Commissioner Agric. (1869), 414. In the gullies and clayey places the stand [of wheat] was injured.
1887. E. V. Smalley, in Century Mag., Nov., 111/2. By the middle of April there should be a good ‘stand’ of the young sprouts [of sugar cane].
1904. Daily Record & Mail, 11 May, 5. Reports of poor stands in the early planted cotton continue.
† 30. A standing water. Obs. rare–1.
[Possibly an error for, or etymologizing corruption of, stang, STANK sb.]
1612. Benvenuto’s Passenger, I. ii. 201. Not corrupted by the fogs, nor vapours of lakes, stands, marrishes [It. laghi, stagni, e paludi], caues, durt, nor dust.
31. attrib. and Comb.: a. simple attrib., as standholder, stand man, stairs, ticket.
1887. Daily News, 29 June, 2/7. The London Grocery and Provision Exchange…. There are already 140 *standholders.
1860. Mayne Reid, Hunters’ Feast, xxiii. The *‘stand men’ remain quiet, with their guns in readiness.
1852. R. S. Surtees, Sponge’s Sp. Tour (1893), 375. He swung down the *stand stairs, rushed to his horse, and … struck across country.
1874. J. Anstruther-Thomson, Eighty Years’ Remin. (1904), II. iv. 105. As to the stand at Ascot … you can have the satisfaction of giving me a *stand-ticket.
b. Special comb., some of which may be combinations of the verb-stem: † stand bed, = standing bed (see STANDING ppl. a.); † stand board Sc., a standing table, as opposed to a folding one (Jam.); stand camera, a camera for use on a tripod or other stand, as distinguished from a hand camera; stand cask U.S., a cask for spirits to be set up and drawn from on the premises of a liquor dealer (Funk’s Stand. Dict., 1895); stand cock = STAND-PIPE; stand development Photogr. (see quot.); † stand-fight (nonce-wd.), a hand-to-hand encounter (cf. fight of stand in sense 1 above); stand-hand, in the card-game of Napoleon, the player who ‘stands’ (see STAND v. 13) or declares how many tricks he will play for; stand hawk dial. (see quot.); stand-heck Sc. and north. = HECK sb.1 3; stand-house, the grand stand of a race-course with the buildings attached to it; † stand ladder, a step ladder; † stand mail Sc., rent paid for a stand in a market; † stand measure Sc., standard measure; stand-rest (see quot.); † stand watch, a guard of sentries. Also STAND-PIPE.
1489. Acta Audit. (1839), 132/1. For the wthaldin fra him of a hors & harnes,… a *stand bed, a pot [etc.].
1658. Knaresb. Wills (Surtees), II. 243. 1 stand bed which I lye in.
1580. Reg. Privy Council Scot., III. 320. In the hall, thre *stand burdis sett on brandirs with thair furmes.
1892. Photogr. Ann., II. 280. Hand cameras … have appeared in battalions, although there is but little change to report in *stand cameras.
1844. Civil Engin. & Arch. Jrnl., VII. 86/1. The first experiment took place … by having lengths of … hose … attached to 6 *standcocks, placed into plugs.
1906. Westm. Gaz., 30 June, 14/2. *Stand development, a method by which, say, a dozen plates may be developed together. Stand development is usually associated with the use of very dilute solutions, and subjecting the plates to these for an increased time.
c. 1611. Chapman, Iliad, III. 258. Castor, the skilfull knight on horse, and Pollux, vncontrold For all *stand fights, and force of hand.
1884. Encycl. Brit., XVII. 229/1. If the *stand-hand succeeds in making at least the number of tricks he stood for he wins.
1885. Swainson, Provinc. Names Birds, 140. Kestrel (Tinnunculus alaudarius)…. From its well-known habit of … hovering and poising itself over a particular spot, are derived the names *Stand hawk (West Riding) [etc.].
1570. Richmond Wills (Surtees), 229. One *stand hecke. Ibid. (1576), (Surtees), 260. ij stand hecks.
1620. [see HECK sb.1 3].
1731. Inventory of G. Bamforth, Sheffield, Stand hecks.
1856. Morton, Cycl. Agric., II. 726/1. Stand-heck (Yorks.), a rack for straw in a farm-yard.
1859. Lever, Dav. Dunn, lvi. You must be declared winner at the *stand-house before you have been seen on the ground.
1902. Birmingham Even. Despatch, 29 April, 4/6. Charles II., who was extremely fond of racing, built a stand house, or what we should now call a grand stand [at Newmarket], for the diversion about 1667.
1721. Mortimer, Husb. (ed. 2), I. 194. If they [hop-binds] forsake the Poles, a *Stand-Ladder is very useful in tying them up again.
1603. Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot., 515/1. With … *standmaillis baith of the land mercat, meill merket and clayth merket, with all uther custumes.
1654. Extracts Rec. Convent. Burghs Scot. (1878), III. 388. For ilk stand maill of ane daill length one thair weiklie mercat dayes, tuelue penyes. Ibid. (1586), (1882), IV. 475. As agreand to the awld and greitt *stand mesoure of this burgh.
1882. Ogilvie, *Stand-rest, a kind of stool which supports a person behind while standing almost in an upright position at a desk, an easel, &c.
1579. Digges, Stratioticos, 100. It were requisite that a *stande watch be maintayned within and about the Ordinance.
