Also snow bird, snowbird. [f. SNOW sb.1 Cf. Du. sneeuwvogel, G. schneevogel.]
1. One or other of various small European or American birds, esp. the snow-bunting (Plectrophanes nivalis), snow-finch (Montifringilla nivalis), or snow-sparrow (Junco hiemalis).
In the first group of quotations there is some indication of the precise bird intended.
(a) 1688. Phil. Trans., XVII. 996. The Snow-bird which I take to be much the same with our Hedge Sparrow; this is so called because it seldom appears about Houses but against Snow or very cold Weather.
1709. J. Lawson, Hist. Carolina, 146. The Snow-Birds are most numerous in the North Parts of America, where there are great Snows . They are like the Stones Smach, or Wheat-Ears.
1750. G. Edwards, Nat. Hist. Birds, III. Pl. 126. The Snow-Bird from Hudsons Bay. This Bird agrees exactly in Size and Shape with our great Pyed Mountain-Finch, or Brambling.
1771. J. R. Forster, trans. Kalms Trav. N. Amer., II. 81. The Swedes call a species of little birds, Snofogel, and the English call it Snow-bird.
1802. Montagu, Ornith. s.v. Bunting, Snow, Snow-bird. Snow-flake.
1810. A. Wilson, Amer. Ornith., II. 129. Snow-Bird, Fringilla nivalis. Ibid., 131. The Snow-bird is six inches long, and nine in extent.
1839. Audubon, Syn. Birds N. Amer., 106. Niphæa, Snow-Bird. Ibid., 107. Niphæa Oregona, Oregon Snow-Bird.
1853. Kane, Grinnell Exped., xli. (1856), 379. Crowds of little snow-birds (Emberiza and Plectrophanes), with white breasts and jetty coverts.
1884. Coues, N. Amer. Birds, 377. Junco. Snow Sparrows. Snow-birds. Ibid. J[unco] hiemalis, Eastern Snow-bird, Black Snow-bird.
(b) 1798. Miss H. M. Williams, Tour Switzerland, II. App. 293.
| Her sledgy-car, with sparkling frost-work bright, | |
| Oer the pellucid ice her snow-birds drew, | |
| And on her fleecy robe refracted light | |
| The full-blown roses vermeil colours threw. |
1820. Scoresby, Acc. Arctic Regions, I. 535. The snow-bird, though so delicate in its appearance, is almost as ravenous as the fulmar.
1841. Bryant, Poems, Winter-Piece, 30. The snow-bird twitterd on the beechen bough.
1880. W. Newton, Serm. for Boys (1881), 358. The little snow-birds seem to enjoy it all.
1883. Century Mag., XXVI. Sept., 681/2. From the first nest to the last, which was that of a snow-bird.
2. The ivory gull, Pagophila eburnea.
1831. Rennie, Montagus Ornith. Dict., 470. Snow Bird, (Larus eburneus).
1843. Yarrell, Brit. Birds, III. 449. Larus candidus, The Snow-bird.