Forms: Inf. 1 ar-, arís-an, 2–4 aris-en, 3– arise, 4–5 aryse. Pa. t. 5– arose; also 1–4 ar-, arás, 3–5 aros, 4–5 aroos, 5 aroose, 7 occas. aris. Pa. pple. 1– arisen; also 4 arisè, arysè, 6–8 arose. [f. A- pref. 1 up, out, away + RISE; = to ‘rise up,’ intensive of rise; cf. L. exorīri. An OTeut. comp.; in Goth. us-, ur- reisan, OHG. ur-, ar-, ir-rîsan, OS. arîsan. Northumbrian preserved ar-rísan, ar-rás, etc. Obs. 3rd sing. pres. arist = ariseth. The pa. t. aris in 17th c. was formed on pa. pple.: cf. obs. writ, and extant bit; the pa. pple. arose was assimilated to pa. t.: cf. abode, shone. Now almost superseded in ordinary language by the simple RISE, in all senses, exc. those in branch III, of which 17–18 are the ordinary prose uses of the word. Still used poetically in senses 1–9; 10–13 seem entirely obs.]
I. To get up from sitting, lying, repose.
1. To get up from sitting or kneeling, to stand up. arch.: see RISE.
c. 1000. Ælfric, Gen. xviii. 16. Ða arison ða þri weras.
c. 1205. Lay., 30841. Þat folc … arisen from heore seten.
a. 1230. Ancr. R., 34. Ariseð þeonne & biginneð þesne antefne.
1297. R. Glouc., 369. Pys hey men … Knely to God … Ac be hii aryse, & abbeþ yturnd fram þe wened her wombe, Wolues dede hii nymeþ vorþ.
c. 1450. Lonelich, Grail, xxxv. 93. A-rys and go with me.
1593. Shaks., 3 Hen. VI., II. ii. 61. Edward Plantagenet, arise a Knight.
1611. Bible, John xiv. 31. Arise, let us go hence.
1779. J. Moore, View Soc., II. liv. 49. All the audience … immediately arise, and remain in a standing posture till their sovereign sit down.
1808. Scott, Marm., VI. xii. I dub thee knight. Arise, Sir Ralph, De Wilton’s heir.
† Hence in transf. and fig. senses; as a. Of a court: To suspend sittings for the time, to adjourn. b. Of a thing: To erect itself on end (as hair). Obs.
c. 1385. Chaucer, L. G. W., 831. And pale he wex, therwith his heer [v.r. herte; see 7] aroos [v.r. a-ros, roos].
a. 1649. Winthrop, Hist. New Eng. (1853), II. 279. The court being about to arise he desired leave for a little speach.
† 2. To get up from a fall. Also transf. and fig.
c. 885. K. Ælfred, Gregory’s Past., lviii. 443. He swa micle stranglicor arise swa he hefiʓlicor afeoll.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 49. Þa þe liggeð inne swilc sunne and ne þencheð noht for to arisen.
c. 1205. Lay., 9427. Þus Portcheestre to-ræs and nauere seoððen aras.
1340. Ayenb., 50. Huanne þe kempe heþ his uelaȝe yueld … wel onneaþe he arist.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Pars. T., ¶ 999. As ofte as he falleth he may arise [v.r. arrise, aryse] agayn by penitence.
1605. Shaks., Lear, I. iv. 99. Come sir, arise, away!
1667. Milton, P. L., I. 330. Awake, arise, or be for ever fall’n.
3. To get up from sleep or rest. arch.: see RISE.
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., Matt. ii. 20. Arris and onfoh ðone cnæht.
c. 1000. Ælfric, Gen. xxviii. 18. On morʓen he aras.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 39. Ne beo eow noht lað to arisene er dei.
c. 1300. K. Alis., 5760. Kyng Alisaunder amorowe arist.
1340. Ayenb., 52. Þet uolk þet … late guoþ to bedde and ariseþ late.
c. 1450. Lonelich, Grail, xvi. 29. Erly on the morwe, whanne þe kyng aros.
1535. Coverdale, Prov. vi. 9. Whan wilt thou aryse out of thy slepe?
1604. Shaks., Oth., I. i. 89. Arise, arise, Awake the snorting Cittizens with the Bell.
1762. Goldsm., Beau Nash, 232. Nash generally arose early in the morning.
1820. Keats, St. Agnes, xxxix. Arise, arise! the morning is at hand.
4. Of the sun, moon and stars: To come above the horizon. Also transf. of the day, morning. Now arch. and poet.: see RISE.
c. 975. Rushw. Gosp., Mark iv. 6. Ða aras sunne.
c. 1220. Hali Meid., 11. Meidenhad is te sterre þat beo ha eanes … igan adun … neauer eft ne ariseð ha.
c. 1350. Will. Palerne, 2744. Whan the mone aros.
c. 1391. Chaucer, Astrol., I. § 21. 12. Thilke sterres … arisen rather than the degree of hire longitude.
1480. Caxton, Chron. Eng., ccxliv. 298. The morne aroos, the day gan spryng.
1592. Shaks., Rom. & Jul., II. ii. 4. Arise faire Sun and kill the enuious Moone.
1667. Milton, P. L., V. 170. While day arises, that sweet hour of Prime.
1820. Byron, Mar. Fal., I. ii. 570. At what hour arises the moon?
a. 1842. Tennyson, Miller’s Dau., 205. Many suns arise and set.
5. To rise from the dead, return to life from the grave. Now poetic: see RISE.
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., Matt. xxvii. 52. Moniʓa lichoma halʓa wærra ða ðe slepdon arison. Ibid., xiv. 2. Ðis is Johannes Baptista ðe arrás from deadum.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 143. Þenne sculen … alle dede arisen.
c. 1260. Signs bef. Judgm., 53, in E. E. P. (1862), 9. Þan be dede up sal arise up har biriles forto sitte.
1380. Wyclif, De Eccles., ii. Sel. Wks. 1871, III. 340. Þe þridde day oure God aroos from deþ to lyf.
1537. Exp. Creed, in Formul. Faith (1856), 60. Even like as our Saviour Jesu Christ … did arise from death to life.
1611. Bible, Matt. xxvii. 52. Many bodies of the saints which slept arose.
1712. Steele, Spect., No. 356, ¶ 9. The Temple rends, the Rocks burst, the Dead Arise.
1859. Tennyson, Enid, 1505. Till yonder man upon the bier arise.
6. To rise from inaction, from the peaceful, quiet, or ordinary course of life; esp. to rise in hostility or rebellion (against). Now poetic: see RISE.
c. 825. Vesp. Psalter, iii. 7. Aris dryhten, halne me doa.
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., Matt. x. 21. Wið arrisas suna in áldrum.
c. 1440. Arthur, 208. How darst þow … Aȝenst the Emperour þus aryse.
c. 1460. Fortescue, Abs. & Lim. Mon. (1714), 96. Nothyng may make his People to arise, but … lacke of Justyce.
1480. Caxton, Chron. Eng., ccxxxix. 264. The comunes arisen vp in dyuerse partyes of the reame and dyden moch harme.
1535. Coverdale, Ps. ix. 12. Aryse o Lorde God, lift vp thine honde.
1604. Shaks., Oth., III. iii. 447. Arise, blacke vengeance, from the hollow hell.
a. 1703. T. Cooke, Tales, Prop., etc. (1729), 211. Had no Genius arose against the Tyranny of Custom.
7. To rise in violence or agitation, as the sea, the wind; to boil up as a fermenting fluid, the blood; so of the heart, wrath, etc. Now poet.: see RISE.
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., John vi. 18. Ðe sæ ofstod vel aras.
a. 1300. K. Horn, 868. Horn him gan to agrise, And his blod arise.
1340. Ayenb., 47. Alle þe þinges, huerby þet uless him arist.
c. 1385. Chaucer, L. G. W., 831. Pale he wex therwith his herte [v.r. heer; see 1 b] a-ros.
1393. Gower, Conf., I. 20. A tonne, whan his lie arist, To-breketh.
1526. Tindale, John vi. 18. The see arose [Wyclif, rose vp] with a greate winde that blew. [So all subseq. vers.]
1611. Bible, 2 Sam. xi. 20. If so be that the kings wrath arise. Ibid., Ps. lxxxix. 9. When the waues thereof arise, thou stillest them.
1847. Tennyson, Princess, I. 96. A wind arose and rush’d upon the South.
8. transf. Of sounds: To come up aloud, or so as to be audible, to be heard aloud. arch.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 2840. Strange cry in þe toun a-ras.
c. 1330. Arth. & Merl., 7409. In euerich lond arist song.
c. 1350. Will. Palerne, 3270. Þe cry rudli aros þat reuþe it was to hure.
1393. Gower, Conf., I. 267. Through all the world the fame arose.
1611. Bible, Acts xxiii. 9. And there arose a great cry.
1859. Tennyson, Enid, 1812. And in their halls arose The cry of children.
II. To ascend, go or come higher.
9. To go up, come up, ascend on high, mount. Now only poet.: see RISE.
a. 1000. Elene (Gr.), 803. Of þære stówe steám up arás.
c. 1374. Chaucer, Boeth., IV. vi. 143. Þe lyȝte fyre arist into heyȝte.
c. 1450. Merlin, xiv. 207. The duste arose with the wynde.
1594. Willobie, in Shaks. C. Praise, 9. From whence these flames aryse.
1596. Spenser, F. Q., I. x. 4. Dame Cælia … as thought From heav’n to come, or thether to arise.
1676. Hobbes, Iliad, XXIII. 763. And on his steps trod ere the dust aris.
1704. Pope, Winter, 46. Nor morning odours from the flow’rs arise.
1820. Keats, Hyperion, I. 258. A mist arose, as from a scummy marsh.
† 10. To rise with its summit (as a tree), or surface (as water); to grow taller, or higher, to swell up. Obs.: see RISE.
c. 1225. St. Marherete (1866), 18. Te hude … barst on to bleinen þet hit aras up oueral.
1393. Gower, Conf., II. 169. Her womb, which of childe aros.
1398. Trevisa, Barth. De P. R., XVIII. lxxxviii. (1495), 838. The place brennyth soo that bleynes aryseth there.
c. 1425. Seven Sages (P.), 204. The flore ne may nouȝt aryse.
1652. French, Yorksh. Spa, ii. 15. In a close glass it [water] ariseth onely ad evitandum vacuum.
1664. Power, Exp. Philos., II. 105. [It] makes a lesser quantity of Quicksilver arise in the Tube.
† 11. To rise in rank or eminence. Obs.: see RISE.
1340. Ayenb., 24. Þe ilke bet is zuo heȝe arise ine prosperite.
1534. More, Comf. agst. Trib., III. Wks. 1252/2. Some by handy crafte … some by other kynde of liuing, arise & come forward in ye world.
1664. Power, Exp. Philos., I. 59. In these minute Animals their nutritive Liquor never arises to the perfection of bloud.
a. 1733. North, Lives, I. 81. Good fortune … in his circuit practice, which made him arise in it faster than young men have commonly done.
1756. J. Warton, Ess. Pope (1782), I. iv. 229. Obstacles, which might prevent his arising to that height, which the figure of his nativity promised.
† 12. To rise in price or amount. Obs.: see RISE.
1340. Ayenb., 35. Uor to do arise þet gauel.
1643. Caryl, Sacr. Covt., 11. They perceived the charge to arise so high.
1714. Swift, Corr., II. 515. Stocks arose three per cent. upon it in the city.
† b. To amount to. Obs.
1594. Blundevil, Exerc., I. xxvii. 72. If the Summe … do arise to the Summe of 60, or exceed the Number of 60.
1649. Roberts, Clavis Bibl., Introd. iii. 56. The whole time … will arise to 591 y[ears] in all.
1679. Penn, Addr. Prot., I. § 4 (1692), 20. They would arise to Three Times more Money.
† 13. To come up to a point in a scale, attain to, reach. Obs.: see RISE.
1611. Cotgr., s.v. Doublement, The price … which he that arises vnto, most commonly carries the thing.
1798. Malthus, Popul. (1817), II. 2. The number arising annually to the age of puberty.
III. To spring up, come above ground, into the world, into existence.
14. To spring forth, as a river, from its source. Obs.: see RISE. Also transf. To take its rise, originate. (Still in use.)
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., Luke viii. 7. Onʓelic arison ðornas.
1398. Trevisa, Barth. De P. R., XIII. viii. (1495), 444. The ryuer Doryx arysyth a lytyll fro the heed of Eufrates.
1548. Udall, etc., Erasm. Par. Luke ii. To haue the talke of his birth … to aryse and beginne of suche reporters.
1645. Pagitt, Heresiogr. (1662), 87. A third sort of Brownists did arise from one Mr. Wilkinson.
1875. Grindon, Life, xxv. 319. Simple and original forms, from which they [carnations, etc.] have arisen under the stimulus of culture.
1879. Timbs, in Cassell’s Techn. Educ., IV. 250/2. The lymphatics … absorb lymph from the organs in which they arise.
15. To be born, come into the world of life or action.
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., Matt. xxiv. 11. Moniʓo lease witʓo arisað.
c. 1205. Lay., 1248. Þer scal of þine cunne kine-bearn arisen.
1535. Coverdale, Deut. xxxiv. 10. There arose [Wyclif, there roos] no prophet more in Israel like vnto Moses.
1646. Sir T. Browne, Pseud. Ep., 274. There was … never any Autochthon, or man arising from the earth but Adam.
1763. J. Brown, Poetry & Mus., xii. 198. After many Centuries had passed in Darkness, Guido arose.
1875. Bryce, Holy Rom. Emp., xv. 241. In the fourteenth century there arose in Italy the first great masters of painting and song.
Mod. A false prophet calling himself the Mahdi has arisen in the Soudan.
16. Of things: To spring up, usually with some reference to the literal sense of rise, as if: To be raised, built. Mostly poet. or rhet.
a. 1000. Riddles (Grein), iv. 20. Aríseþ dún ofer dýpe.
1704. Pope, Windsor For., 26. And ’midst the desart fruitful fields arise.
1859. Tennyson, Vivien, 525. So long, that mountains have arisen since With cities on their flanks. Ibid. (1864), Aylmer’s F., 147. Beyond her lodges … arose the labourers’ homes.
17. Of circumstances viewed as results: To spring, originate, or result from (of obs.).
c. 1205. Lay., 9383. Nu þu iherest of wuche gomen aras þer þe to-nome.
1393. Langl., P. Pl., C. XIII. 230. So of rychesse vpon richesse · arisen al vices.
1393. Gower, Conf., I. 240. Therof might arise a sclaunder.
1599. Shaks., Hen. V., IV. vii. 186. Some sodaine mischiefe may arise of it.
1605. Bacon, Adv. Learn., II. v. § 2. Out of which several inquiries there do arise three knowledges.
1651. Hobbes, Leviath., II. xxv. 131. Arising from the Imperative manner of speaking.
1661. Lovell, Hist. Anim. & Min., 219. Whence arised the old proverb, as sound as a Roche.
1793. Smeaton, Edystone L., § 131. Comfort arose from the reflection.
1837. J. H. Newman, Par. Serm., I. xviii. 266. This … arises from ignorance of religion itself.
18. Of matters generally: To spring up, come into existence or notice, ‘come up,’ present itself.
a. 1000. Guthlac (Grein), 10. Sindon costinga … moniʓe arisene.
a. 1230. Ancr. R., 234. In þe muchele anguise aros þe muchele mede.
c. 1400. Rom. Rose, 7543. And on the folke ariseth blame.
1513. Douglas, Æneid, V. iv. 43. Heir first guid hope arrais to the twa last.
1526. Tindale, Mark iv. 17. As trouble and persecucion aryseth for the wordes sake. [So Cranm., Geneva, 1611; Wyclif, riseth.]
1590. Shaks., Com. Err., V. i. 388. Thereupon these errors are arose.
1704. Swift, Batt. Bks. (1711), 228. If a new Species of controversial Books had not arose of late years.
1833. I. Taylor, Fanat., x. 433. Noticing as it arises, whatever fairly bears upon the question.
1849. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., II. 145. All questions which arose in the Privy Council.
b. With more of the literal sense. (Hence often rise. Cf. 7, 9.)
1708. Pope, St. Cecilia, 24. If in the breast tumultuous joys arise.
1711. Addison, Spect., No. 166, ¶ 3. Those Thoughts which arise and disappear in the Mind of Man.
1790. Burke, Fr. Rev., 11. I beg leave to throw out my thoughts, and express my feelings, just as they arise in my mind.
1857. Maurice, Epist. St. John, iv. 55. Then arises in our minds a terrible sense of shame.
