Anti- prefix

repr. Gr. ἀντι-, ἀντ-, ἀνθ- (see ANT-, ANTH-), ‘opposite, against, in exchange, instead, representing, rivalling, simulating’; in Gr. combined adverbially with (1) verbs, as ἀντιλέγειν to speak against, contradict; (2) vbl. adjs., as ἀντίλογος speaking against, contradictory, ἀντίλεκτος spoken against, disputed; (3) vbl. sbs. and abstracts from vbl. adjs., as ἀντίλεξις speaking against, contradiction, ἀντιλογία contradictoriness, disputation; (4) other sbs., forming adjs. and sbs., as ἀντίβιος using force (βία) on the opposite side, ἀντιστράτηγος the general on the opposite side, the enemy’s general; passing into the sense of ‘counterfeit, false,’ as ἀντίκλεις a key rivalling or simulating the true one, a counterfeit key. Less commonly combined prepositionally with sbs. in (5) synthetic adjs. as ἀντίθυρος opposite the door (from ἀντί θύρας), ἀντίθεος rivalling the gods (ἀντί θεῶν), ἀντίχριστος opposed to Christ, an opponent of Christ.

  In English, used A. in compounds already formed in Greek, or others modelled on them. Also B. a living formative, I. in words analogous to 4 above, as anti-pope, anti-king, anti-climax; II. mainly, in synthetic combinations, in which anti- governs a sb. expressed, or implied in its appropriate adj., as anti-Jesuit, anti-English, anti-slavery, anti-friction; III. in the derivatives of these, as anti-royalist, anti-supernatural-ism. The analogy for all these seems to have been given by antichrist and its adj. antichristian, which (with the analogous antipope) were almost the only examples in use bef. 1600. Shakespeare has no anti- combinations.

  A.  Derivatives. Words in which anti- adverbially qualifies the vb. in vbl. sbs. or adjs., and their derivatives, in compounds already formed in Gr., as ANTILOGISM, ANTINOMY, ANTIPHONIC, ANTIPHONY, ANTITHESIS, ANTITHETIC, and mod. compounds modelled after them as ANTITROPOUS. All these appear in their alphabetic places hereafter.

  B.  Combinations.

  I.  Substantives, in which anti- attributively qualifies a sb. The main stress is on a·nti- (a·nti¦ki:ng, a·nti¦bi:shop, a·nti¦grow:th).

  1.  Formed on the type of ANTICHRIST, and ANTI-POPE; with sense of ‘Opposed, in opposition, opponent, rival,’ whence ‘pretended, spurious, pseudo-’: as anti-apostle, -balm (1559), -vbishop, -Cæsar, -clergy, -comet, -creator, -critic, -deity (1602), -duke, -emperor, -king, -martyr, -Messiah, -prophet.

1642.  F. Potter, Number 666 (1808), 96 (T.). The first original number of cardinals [of Rome] or *anti-apostles.

1559.  Morwyng, Evonym., 261. Of trewe Balm and *Antibalm.

1865.  Pusey, Truth Eng. Ch., 74. Fortunatus was an *anti-bishop, consecrated in opposition to S. Cyprian.

1704.  Hearne, Duct. Hist. (1714), I. 80. Ludovicus of Bavaria, Emperor of Germany, 1314 … is oppos’d by an *Anti-Cæsar, Frederick of Austria.

1658.  Osborn, Adv. Son (1673), 122. Stipendiaries or Lecturers, that signifie little less than an *Anti-clergy.

a. 1667.  Cowley, To his Majesty, Wks. II. 572. The Flames of one triumphant Day, Which like an *Anti-Comet here Did fatally to that appear.

1642.  Milton, Apol. Smect. (1851), 262. The maker, or rather the *anticreator of that universall foolery.

1758.  Warburton, Div. Legat. (ed. 10), III. 149. All the reasonings of these *Anticritics.

1602.  J. Davies, Mirum in Mod., 23 (D.). Know Diu’lls incarnate *Antideities.

a. 1652.  J. Smith, Sel. Disc., ii. 29. Some of those *antideities that are set up against it.

1872.  Yeats, Growth Comm., 319. He was recalled, and later they set up an *anti-duke.

1880.  T. Hodgkin, Italy & Inv., I. i. 13. Eighteen emperors were recognised at Rome besides a crowd of *anti-emperors in the provinces.

a. 1617.  Bayne, Dioces. Trial (1621), 73. If one doe usurpe a kingly power in Kent onely, he were an *Anti-king to our Soveraigne.

1860.  Pusey, Min. Proph., 509. An *anti-king may … have set himself up in other parts of the kingdom.

1755.  Gentl. Mag., 407. Amidst this army of *anti-martyrs I discern a volume of peculiar appearance.

1677.  Gale, Crt. Gentiles, II. III. 115. These Baalim brought in by Jezebel were an *Anti-Messias.

a. 1638.  Mede, Apost. Later Times, 88 (T.). Well might St. John, when he saw so many *anti-prophets spring up, say.

  b.  The opposite or reverse of; an opponent of: as anti-hero, -luminary, -Paul, -priest, -wit.

1714.  Steele, Lover (1720), 13. Every *Anti-Heroe in Great Britain.

1714.  Spect., No. 582, ¶ 5. The Nation has been a great while benighted with several of these *Antiluminaries.

1660.  Fuller, Mixt Contempl. (1841), 178. I might term many of these men *anti-Mephiboshets.

a. 1667.  Cowley, Liberty, Wks. 1710, II. 676. An *Anti-Paul, who became all Things to all men, that he might destroy all.

1719.  Waterland, Christ’s Divinity, 28. Afraid of being guided by priests, they consent to be governed by *anti-priests.

a. 1688.  Villiers (Dk. Buckhm.), Poems (1775), 167. Our brave *Anti-wits and great Ones.

  2.  With names of things: signifying a. a thing of the same kind placed opposite, or acting in opposition: = Opposed, opposing, opposite, opposition-, counter-; as in anti-association, -Bartholomew, -chorus, -climate, -conductor, -council, -critique, -decalogue, -ejaculation, -endowment, -extreme, -face, -faction, -fame, -fire, -growth, -hemisphere, -league, -mark, -narrative, -parliament, -part, -position, -prestigiation, -principle, -Rome, -school, -synod, -temple, -tone, -volition. (Antiface occurs c. 1599.)

1682.  Lond. Gaz., mdcclxx/3. A very good *Anti-Association and Nursery of Loyalty.

1864.  Burton, Scot Abr., I. v. 274. Had the Huguenots ever possessed the opportunity for vengeance … they would have made an *anti-Bartholomew of it.

1863.  Kinglake, Crimea, I. xxiv. 405. There was a chorus and an *anti-chorus engaged in a continual chant.

1635.  N. Carpenter, Geog. Del., I. ix. 216. To these they opposed so many towards the South, which they called *anticlimates.

1779.  Swift, in Phil. Trans., LXIX. 454. One particular addition I have made to the apparatus consists in what I call an *anti-conductor: it is exactly like the prime conductor.

1642.  Fuller, Holy & Prof. St., V. xi. 404. They called at Carthage an *Anti-councell of their own faction.

1805.  W. Taylor, in Month. Mag., XX. 41. Lessing published an *Anti-critique.

1861.  Gen. P. Thompson, Audi Alt., III. cliii. 153. If they dream of a ‘Constitution’ to support slavery, which honest men shall not alter, they might as well dream of an *Anti-Decalogue.

1765.  Tucker, Lt. Nat. (1834), II. 448. Those *anti-ejaculations commonly bear a great part in the ceremony.

1837.  S. Maitland, Volunt. Syst., 153. A sort of *anti-endowment of £20 per annum.

1647.  Ward, Simp. Cobler, 49. If one Extreame should not constitute its *Anti-Extreame, all things would soon be in extremo.

1599.  B. Jonson, Cynthia’s Rev., II. (T.). The third is your soldier’s face…. The *antiface to this is your lawyer’s face.

1662.  Fuller, Worthies, II. 8. Being of the *Anti-faction to Duke Dudley. Ibid. (1642), Holy & Prof. St., III. xxiii. 218 (D.). It is not worth the making a Schisme betwixt News-mongers to set up an *antifame against it [a ridiculous report].

1647.  Ward, Simp. Cobler, 6. No divine Truth, but hath much Cœlestiall fire in it from the Spirit of Truth nor no irreligious untruth, without its proportion of *Antifire from the spirit of Error.

1818.  J. Brown, Psyche, 30. This *antigrowth of words.

1684.  T. Burnet, Th. Earth, I. 256. That antichthon, or *anti-hemisphere, which the ancients opposed to ours.

1844.  Blackw. Mag., LV. 559/2. You make leagues and *anti-leagues for the sake of your morsel of bread.

a. 1658.  Cleveland, Char. Diurn. Maker (1677), 108. A Diurnal-maker is the *Antimark of an Historian.

1690.  Def. Dr. Walker, 2. I do not intend to set out an *Anti-Narrative, or to trouble my self with a Confutation.

1660.  Milton, Dr. Griffith’s Serm., Wks. 1851, 396. All [laws] enacted without the King and his *Antiparlament at Oxford.

a. 1779.  Warburton, Serm., in Wks. (1811), IX. xvi. 315 (L.). There we shall find the *antipart of this divine truth.

1644.  Vind. Treat. Monarchy, iii. 17. He … sets up an *Antiposition, that … such a people ought to submit.

1656.  Blount, Glossogr., *Antiprestigiation, a contrary jugling, the diversity or opposition of Legerdemain.

1663.  J. Spencer, Prodigies, 168 (T.). Besides One great Cause and Source of Good, there was an *Anti-Principle of Evil.

a. 1628.  F. Greville, Sidney (1652), 201. Like a Remus, to leap over any wall of her new-built *Anti-Rome.

1875.  Browning, Aristoph. Apol., 156. He founds no *anti-school, upsets no faith.

1653.  Ashwell, Fides Apost., 272. Who ever and anon framed new Confessions in their Synods & *ante-Synods.

1876.  A. Davidson, Hebr. Gram., 23. To prevent this Emphasis or *anti-tone being lost.

1801.  Darwin, Zoon., IV. 233. A volition to wink, which by habit becomes stronger than the *antivolition not to wink.

  b.  A thing or process of the opposite or contrary kind: = The opposite, contrary, or reverse of; as ANTICLIMAX, anti-creation (1659), -holiday, -logic, -method, -model, -music, -poison, -priestcraft, -religion.

1659.  Gentl. Call., ix. § 2. 452. By a kind of *anti-creation brought darkness out of light.

1868.  Bain, Mental & Mor. Sci., IV. v. § 5. The convict’s yearly or half-yearly *anti-holiday would impart additional horror and gloom to his solitary reflections.

1866.  Spectator, 20 Oct., 1162/2. One of the most precise pieces of … *anti-logic ever invented by the mind of man.

1721.  Amherst, Terræ Fil., x. 47. If all societies took the same method, or rather the same *anti-method.

1825.  Bentham, Ration. Reward, 98. Either as the models, or if the term may be admitted … the *anti-models of the remuneratory branch of procedure.

1697.  Collier, Ess. Mor. Subj., II. (1703), 24. Whether such *Anti-musick as this might not be of Service in a Camp.

1817.  Coleridge, Own Times (1850), III. 945. Had this *anti-music been confined to the original band.

1812.  Southey, Lett. (1856), II. 266. As powerful an *anti-philtre as that fountain in the Forest of Arden which produced so many cross purposes between Angelica and her suitors.

1682.  Sir T. Browne, Chr. Mor., xxviii. (1756), 40. In venomous natures something may be amiable: poysons afford *antipoysons.

1772.  Burke, Dorm. Claims Ch., Wks. X. 146. Secure from Lay-bigotry and *Anti-priestcraft.

1710.  Swift, Examiner, No. 20. Not properly atheism, but a sort of *anti-religion prescribed by the devil.

  II.  Adjectives and attributive phrases, in which anti- prepositionally governs a sb. expressed, as anti-zealot, anti-slavery, or implied in an adj. as anti-national. The stress is not on anti- (anti¦ca·tholic, anti¦re·nt-, a:nti¦ministe·rial).

  3.  Adjectives, formed on the type of ANTICHRISTIAN (pertaining to Antichrist), analysed as = Opposed to Christ, Christians, or what is Christian. These are formed on adjs. already existing, as anti-national, or (rarely) on sbs. with simultaneous addition of an adj. ending, as anti-church-ian, anti-infant-al. But when the sb. has no attendant adj., it is usually taken unchanged: see 4.

  a.  on adjs. derived from proper names of persons, parties, or nations, as anti-Anglican, -British, -Calvinistic, -Darwinian, -Pelagian, -Radical, -Semitic, -Zuinglian, etc. (Anti-Platonic occurs 1638.)

  b.  on adjs. belonging to or formed on common nouns of every description, as anti-aquatic, -astronomical, -biblic, -bridal, -carnivorous, -churchian, -clerical, -commercial, -corrosive, -domestic, -episcopal, -evangelical, -feudal, -flatulent, -fuliginous, -hectic, -hydrophobic, -idolatrous, -infantal, -liturgical, -melancholic, -ministerial, -moral, -mythical, -nepotic, -ontological, -orthodox, -phylloxeric, -plethoric, -prelatic, -prudential, -putrefactive, -quartan, -reforming, -ritualistic, -royal, -sacerdotal, -scrofulous, -simoniacal, -soporific, -stimulant, -theological, -traditional, -usurious, -utilitarian, -venefic. Among these, medical terms relating to the prevention or cure of diseases are very frequent: the more important of them are treated separately in their alphabetical places. (Anti-prelatic occurs 1641.)

  c.  Occasionally anti- has no reference to an implicit substantive, but simply reverses the adj., as anti-angular, ‘the reverse or opposite of angular’; so anti-caligraphic, -divine (1765), -grammatical, -logical, -patriarchal, -portable, -spiritual, -warlike.

  ¶  Many of these, like the simple adjectives, are also used as substantives, forming (1) party-names as anti-christian, anti-Arminian, anti-Catholic, anti-radical (see 5); (2) names of material agents as anti-corrosive, and esp. medical terms as anti-stimulant, anti-narcotic, anti-pyretic.

  a.  1809.  Southey, in Q. Rev., II. 337. Let not that *Anti-Anglican spirit be cherished.

1678.  Cudworth, Intell. Syst., I. iv. § 36. The orthodox *anti-Arian Fathers.

1848.  J. H. Newman, Loss & Gain, 190. *Anti-Athanasian views.

1860.  Froude, Hist. Eng., V. xxvii. 307. The older *anti-Austrian policy.

1845.  Syd. Smith, Irish Ch., Wks. 1859, II. 334/1. Such a piece of *anti-British villany.

1823.  Lamb, Elia (1860), 88. An order of imperfect intellects … essentially *anti-Caledonian.

1837.  Hallam, Hist. Lit., III. ii. § 36. The *Anti-Calvinistic tenets of the fathers.

1881.  Athenæum, 23 April, 562/1. An *anti-Darwinian manifesto.

1811.  Southey, in Q. Rev., VI. 338. Some *anti-dominican doctrines respecting the Virgin Mary.

1814.  W. Taylor, in Month. Mag., XXXVIII. 35. The *anti-Egyptian turn of the book of Exodus.

1858.  Froude, Hist. Eng., IV. xxii. 467. The chief pillar of the *anti-English policy.

1790.  Boswell, Johnson (1831), I. 112. With warm *Anti-Hanoverian zeal.

1839.  Thirlwall, Greece, VI. l. 189. Secure it [Crete] for the Spartan or *anti-Macedonian interest.

1877.  Shields, Final Philos., 64. The science [geology] having become so *anti-Mosaical.

1865.  Pusey, Truth Eng. Ch., 290. The *Anti-Pelagian statements of Faith.

1638.  Suckling, Aglaura, Dram. Pers. Orsames, a young Lord *antiplatonique.

1860.  Froude, Hist. Eng., V. xxvii. 293. Having in his possession *anti-Protestant books.

1849.  Macaulay, Hist. Eng., I. 402. The spirit of the *Antipuritan reaction.

1866.  Carlyle, Remin., I. 152. A very fierce Radical and *anti-Radical time.

1856.  Froude, Hist. Eng., II. 12. The *anti-Roman policy was arrested.

1881.  Athenæum, 3 Sept., 305/2. *Anti-Semitic literature is very prosperous in Germany.

1698.  Norris, Pract. Disc., IV. 122. Learned *Anti-Socinian Writers.

1674.  Hickman, Hist. Quinquart. (ed. 2), 197. To suppress the *Antizuinglian Doctrine.

  b.  1814.  Southey, in Q. Rev., XI. 67. The people themselves never drink water; a fact which would delight Dr. Lambe and his *anti-aquatic disciples.

1747.  Costard, in Phil. Trans., XLIV. 484. Observations … burned by this *anti-astronomical Prince.

1839.  J. Rogers, Antipopopr., iv. § 2. 174. Popery … its *anti-biblic origin.

1828.  L. Hunt, Byron (ed. 2), I. 70. Sandys … is anything but an *anti-bridal poet.

1828.  Southey, in Q. Rev., XXXVIII. 556. A ‘New System of Vegetable Cookery,’ adapted to their *anti-carnivorous principles.

1883.  Good Words, 204. It had swelled the tide of the *anti-clerical reaction.

1853.  Mayne, Exp. Lex., *Anticolic, opposed to the colic.

1797.  W. Taylor, in Month. Rev., XXIII. 569. An *anti-commercial spirit of legislation.

1810.  Bentham, Packing (1821), 42. So much of the mischief of this institution as is confined to the *anticonstitutional abuse.

1871.  Standard, 12 April, 2. Most people will associate the title of volta-electric with something *anticorrosive.

1760.  Geo. Ld. Lyttelton, Dial. Dead, iv. Wks. 1776, II. 123. Apply his *Anticosmetick wash to the painted face of female Vanity.

1818.  Q. Rev., XVIII. 534. Animated by *anti-covenanting zeal.

1673.  Lady’s Call., I. § 2, ¶ 11. Anticreative power, which reduces things to … chaos.

1881.  Mahaffy, Old Grk. Educ., xi. 140. The *antidemocratic tone of the schools.

1849.  Grote, Greece, II. lxxiv. VI. 451. Anti-democratical Sparta.

1861.  T. L. Peacock, Gryll Grange, xxxi. 271. Clubs … those *anti-domestic institutions.

1869.  Daily News, 29 Jan., 5/2. Of purely *anti-dynastic men you would find so few in France that your astonishment would be that the Empire should not be the most popular régime possible.

1683.  E. Hooker, Pref. Pordage’s Myst. Div., 18. Is it not … an *Anti-Ecclesiastic, Anti-Fanatic … Age?

1828.  Southey, in Q. Rev., XXXVII. 217. Such broad proofs of blunt sciolism as this anti-ecclesiastical partisan himself has displayed.

1642.  Sir E. Dering, Sp. on Relig., ix. 35. All that are … *Anti-Episcopall.

1734.  Richardson, in Birch, Milton’s Wks., 1738, I. 60. He was always very *Anti-Episcopal, and no Lover of our Establish’d Church.

1778.  Wesley, Wks. (1872), XIII. 35. These are very frequently unevangelical, but they are not *Anti-evangelical.

1789.  T. Jefferson, Writ. (1853), II. 576. They [the Virginia Assemblys] are furiously *anti-federal.

1876.  Bartholow, Mat. Med. (1879), 536. The *antifermentative properties of the essential oils.

1844.  Emerson, Misc. (1875), II. 296. The new and *anti-feudal power of Commerce.

1828.  Southey, To A. Cunningham, Wks. III. 306. Thy laws *Antifuliginous; extend those laws Till every chimney its own smoke consume.

1861.  Hulme, trans. Moquin-Tandon, II. III. v. 153. The *Antihœmorrhoidal ointment of Cullen.

1853.  Mayne, Exp. Lex., *Anti-hectic, Having power to remove or assuage hectic fever.

1860.  R. Vaughan, Mystics (ed. 2), I. 246. The popular, *anti-hierarchical spirit of the day.

1880.  Syd. Soc. Lex., *Anti-hydrophobic, Applied to remedies against hydrophobia.

1831.  W. Mill, Christa Sangítá, Pref. 38. Its *anti-idolatrous tendency.

1659.  Gauden, Tears of Ch., 279 (D.). That *Anti-infantall Christ, which they [Anabaptists] say is so predominant in them.

1842.  Gen. P. Thomson, Exerc., VI. 418. The danger of *anti-liberal opinions on commerce.

1659.  Gauden, Tears of Ch., 90 (D.). The graver sort even of *Antiliturgicall Preachers.

1758.  Battie, Madness, xii. 97 (T.). With respect to Vomits, tho’ it may seem almost hæretical to impeach their *antimaniacal virtues.

1853.  Mayne, Exp. Lex., *Anti-melancholic, Against or capable of dispelling melancholy.

1653.  Gauden, Hierasp., 236. The *Anti-ministeriall Adversaries are not wanting.

1817.  Coleridge, Biogr. Lit., 101. That Journal … for many years continued *Anti-ministerial.

1811.  W. Taylor, in Robberds, Mem., II. 344. Calling their opinions *Anti-moral.

1830.  Miss Mitford, Village, Ser. IV. (1863), 266. Who rode a particularly *anti-musical, startlish blood-horse.

1846.  Grote, Greece, I. xvi. I. 506. The *anti-mythic vein of criticism.

1876.  Byron, in Moore, Life (1866), 311. A lady … fast asleep in the most *antinarcotic spot in the world.

1857.  Tregelles, Gesenius’s Heb. Lex., To the Student, p. ix. That any should object to these *anti-neologian remarks of mine is a cause of real sorrow to me.

1837.  Syd. Smith, Lett. to Archd. Singleton, 23. They will be shamed into a more lofty and *antinepotic spirit.

1864.  Selss, Germ. Lit., 176. A philosophical journal, in which from time to time some *anti-orthodox articles appeared, in language too unguarded not to give offence to the Weimar court.

1639.  Fuller, Holy War, IV. xxv. (1840), 224. That all emperors would be possessed with an *antipapal spirit.

1878.  Lecky, Eng. in 18th C., I. i. 5. If the Dissenters were more strongly antipapal than the clergy [etc.].

1734.  Jortin, Milton’s Lycid. (T.). The most *antipapistical poets are inclined to canonize and then to invoke their friends as saint.

1775.  Johnson, Tax. no Tyr., 4. These *antipatriotic prejudices.

1869.  Lecky, Europ. Mor., I. xi. 186. The *anti-patriotic tendency of its [Epicureanism’s] teaching contributed to that destruction of national feeling which was necessary to the rise of cosmopolitanism.

1831.  Carlyle, Sart. Res. (1858), 67. Teufelsdröckh had … expectorated his *antipedagogic spleen.

1865.  Farrar, Chapt. Lang., i. (1878), 6. An arbitrary and *anti-philosophic hypothesis.

1881.  Daily News, 23 Aug., 5/4. An *anti-phylloxeric Congress, to which all the great wine-growing countries will send representatives.

1679.  T. Puller, Moder. Ch. Eng. (1843), 169. Those who are for a Spring Fast, are not only anti-christian, but *anti-physician.

1876.  Harley, Mat. Med., 189. The action of sulphate of Magnesia is … decidedly *antiplethoric and antiphlogistic.

1847.  Disraeli, Tancred, II. xiv. The *anti-poetic spirit of the age.

1642.  Sir E. Dering, Sp. on Relig. The Rooters, the *Antiprelatick party, declaim against me.

1641.  Answ. Humb. Remonstr., § 18. He scoffes at the *Antiprelaticall Church, and the Antiprelaticall Divisions.

1765.  Tucker, Lt. Nat., II. 553. That *antiprudential maxim … A short life and a merry one.

1814.  Sir H. Davy, Agric. Chem., 255. The *antiputrescent quality of cold climates.

1825.  Syd. Smith, Wks. (1859), II. 71. *Anti-rational Fallacies.

1840.  Gladstone, Ch. Princ., 317. The *anti-rationalistic handling of Christian truths.

1836.  Gen. P. Thompson, Exerc. (1842), IV. 77. Hostility to rail-roads … displayed by some of the *anti-reforming interest.

1831.  Croker, in Boswell’s Johnson, I. 255, note. Hume’s *anti-religious principles.

1830.  Gen. P. Thompson, Exerc. (1842), I. 241. *Anti-revolutionary wars.

1867.  Even. Express, 6 Aug., 1/4. The seceders are about to build a church, where an *anti-Ritualistic form of worship will be observed.

1681.  Nevile, Plato Rediv., 18. The *Anti-royal Party in our late Troubles.

1855.  Milman, Lat. Chr. (1864), V. IX. viii. 378. A great *antisacerdotal movement.

1805.  W. Taylor, in Ann. Rev., III. 279. This *anti-sceptical writer.

a. 1834.  Coleridge, Notes Theol. & Pol., 264. Anselm, and the *anti-scholastic theologians.

1825.  Bentham, Ration. Reward, 187. These *anti-simoniacal laws.

1834.  M. Scott, Cruise Midge (1863), 107. Imminent peril is a beautiful *anti-soporific.

1869.  Eng. Mech., 1 Oct., 43/1. The hydrochlorate is a non-irritant emetic and powerful *anti-stimulant.

1880.  Goldw. Smith, in Atl. Month., No. 268. 211/1. Few people are so fanatically *antitheological as not to deem a great gain to humanity, the foundation of Christianity.

1860.  Wolff’s Trav. & Adv., I. xi. 339. Those who belong to the *anti-traditional party have their own pet traditions.

1787.  Bentham, Def. Usury, vi. 45. Mischiefs of the *anti-usurious Laws.

1870.  J. Grote, Exam. Util. Phil., xvi. 250. The *anti-utilitarian principle of despising happiness.

1778.  Phil. Surv. S. Irel., 390. Ireland got the appellation of Sacra from its *anti-venefic property.

  c.  1841.  Catlin, N. Amer. Indians, xx. (1844), I. 193. A bold and prominent *anti-angular nose.

1865.  Trollope, Belton Estate, xxvii. 326. Confused and altogether *anti-caligraphic.

1765.  Tucker, Lt. Nat., II. 448. Assemblies of such persons, all in the same way of thinking or rather of thoughtlessness, may be termed *anti-divine services.

1801.  W. Taylor, in Month. Mag., XI. 291/1. The language of the law is at times *anti-grammatical.

1876.  E. Hopkins, Rose Turq., I. i. 27. A lame and impotent conclusion … and altogether *Anti-heroic.

a. 1834.  Coleridge, Notes Theol. & Pol., 142. ‘Makes’ for ‘produces,’ a Gallo-barbarism not less *anti-logical than anti-Anglican.

1656.  Blount, Glossogr., *Antimetrical, contrary or against the rule or order of Metre or Verse.

1850.  Mrs. Stowe, Uncle Tom’s C., xiii. 118. The *anti-patriarchal operation of shaving.

1825.  Southey, Lett. (1856), III. 475. The very ideal of an *Anti-portable volume. Ibid. (1827), in Q. Rev., XXXV. 204. Gross, earthly, and *anti-spiritual.

1806.  W. Taylor, in Ann. Rev., IV. 581. The *anti-warlike revolutionists of France.

  ¶  Advbs. in -ly are formed on these adjs., when required: as anticalvinistically, anticonstitutionally.

1674.  Hickman, Hist. Quinquart., 202 (ed. 2). [One who] preached Anticalvinistically in all the five Points under Controversie.

Mod.  They would act unconstitutionally, indeed altogether anticonstitutionally, in excluding a member personally disliked.

  4.  Attributive phrases, consisting of anti- governing a sb. Their origin is found in the mod. Eng. use of sbs. attributively, and the consequent combination of these with anti- in the same way as the adjectives to which they are equivalent; cf. the episcopal party, the anti-episcopal party, with the church party, the anti-church party. Thus they differ from the preceding group only in the absence of the adjective ending; and hence form the ordinary type, when the sb. has no appropriate derivative adj., as in most words of Teutonic and OFr. origin. But their widely extended modern use seems partly to be the result of an independent analysis of the phrase: thus, anti-combination laws = laws anti (i.e., against) combination; cf. the similar attrib. use of Latin phrases, as in ante-mortem fame, ex tempore discourse, pro formâ resolution, post mortem examination, and even the native after-dinner speech, down-river steamer, underground railway, across-country road, off-hand reply, out-of-doors life. So, anti- may here be considered as a naturalized preposition, equivalent to against, and taking its place in attributive phrases, in which against is never used. These may be formed ad libitum; they seem to have begun c. 1650 with the anti-court party (cf. the court party); and notable instances are Anti-combination (laws), Anti-corn-law (league), Anti-rent (agitation), Anti-slavery (society), Anti-state-church (association), Anti-vaccination (league).

  ¶  For combinations of this type used as sbs., see 7 below.

1837.  Carlyle, Fr. Rev., III. I. i. II. 131. Great is the fire of *Antiaristocrat eloquence.

1837.  Calhoun, Wks., III. 79. I am neither a bank man, nor an *anti-bank man.

1817.  Mar. Edgeworth, On Bores (1831), 318. Well-bred persons, abhorring the pedantry of the Blues, are usually *anti-blue, or ultra-antis.

1857.  Gen. P. Thomson, Audi Alt., I. 96. The Company stands therefore as a mere *Anti-Centralization bulwark.

1810.  Southey, in Robberds, Mem. W. Taylor, II. 300. My anti-Catholic opinions would … clash with your *anti-church politics.

1882.  J. Hawthorne, Fort. Fool, I. xxvii. The practice of dissipation and the formation of *anti-church-going societies.

1865.  Spectator, 14 Jan., 37. Re-establishing the old *anti-combination laws in a new and infinitely more stringent shape.

1873.  Whitney, Ling. Stud., 115. The case of the *anti-comment party.

1670.  Penn, People’s Lib., Wks. 1782, I. 126. Jurors … scared into an *anti-conscience verdict.

1828.  Southey, in Q. Rev., XXXVII. 567. The *anti-contagion philosophers.

1834.  Gen. P. Thompson, Exerc. (1842), III. 102. No thoroughly informed leader on the *Anti-corn-law side.

1838.  Morn. Herald, 7 Nov. At Manchester … there has been formed an Anti-corn-law Association.

1843.  Neale, Ballads for People, 15. I am an English yeoman! And we yeomen know no change: Though anti-corn-law lecturers About the country range.

1654.  Goddard, in Burton’s Diary, I. 67. It was … moved by the *anti-court party, to adjourn the debate.

a. 1689.  Reresby, Mem. (1734), 153 (T.). The anticourt party courted him at such a rate.

1840.  Gen. P. Thompson, Exerc., V. 90. The same *anti-education devil that in America enters into a planter, in the old country enters into a bishop.

1859.  All Y. Round, No. 29. 58/1. Guarded by a series of *anti-exporting acts of Parliament.

1857.  Gen. P. Thompson, Audi Alt., I. xxv. 97. We of the *anti-felon portion of society. Ibid. (1832), Exerc., II. 15. The great *Anti-felony Association of modern times.

1876.  Bartholow, Mat. Med. (1879), 520. The antiseptic and *anti-ferment properties of chlorine.

1839.  Gen. P. Thompson, Exerc., II. 466. An *Anti-Free-Trade orator, at that time of high consideration with his party.

1861.  Whyte-Melville, Mkt. Harb., 79. *Anti-hunting weather.

1882.  Sun, 14 May, 6/5. It was intimated by *anti-lacrosse men yesterday that sterner repressive measures would be used.

1818.  Hazlitt, Char. Shaks. Plays (1838), 73. The principle of poetry is a very *anti-levelling principle.

1831.  Gen. P. Thompson, Exerc., I. 354. But if the steward … had an *anti-machinery maggot in his head.

1865.  Public Opinion, 28 Jan., 96/1. A great *anti-malt tax meeting was held at Leicester, on Saturday.

1860.  Maury, Phys. Geog. Sea, ii. 46. This *anti-mixing property in water.

1840.  Gen. P. Thompson, Exerc., V. 328. I perceive … further, that there is an *Anti-Opium Society.

1850.  Maurice, Mor. & Met. Philos. (ed. 2), 141. In opposition to the *Antiplurality doctrine of Parmenides and Zeno.

1860.  Maury, Phys. Geog. Sea, vii. § 368. The *Anti-radiating influence of clouds.

1840.  Gen. P. Thompson, Exerc., V. 233. The great probability of an *Anti-Reform war.

1879.  Pall Mall G., 6 Sept., 1/1 To applaud the *anti-rent agitation.

1865.  Ch. Times, 2 Dec. [The Bishop] … defends his *anti-ritual policy on arguments which he has expressly repudiated.

1823.  (9 April) Minute-bk. Brit. & For. Anti-Slavery Soc. At a Meeting of the *Anti-Slavery Committee held at the King’s Head Tavern, Poultry, it was resolved, [etc.].

1823.  N. Y. Observer, 17 May (article), *Anti-Slavery Society.

1825.  (title) *Anti-Slavery Reporter.

1863.  W. Phillips, Speeches, iii. 36. Men undervalue the *Antislavery movement.

1862.  Jrnl. R. Dublin S., 299. The *anti-squatting tendency of legislation in Victoria and New South Wales.

1845.  Miall, Nonconf., V. 275. Great *Anti-state-endowment Meeting at Finsbury.

1858.  Gen. P. Thompson, Audi Alt., I. xlv. 177. Cockering up the *anti-tax-paying rich with the notion that the tax was to be put an end to.

1842.  Dickens, Amer. Notes, 98/1. The usual *anti-temperance recipe for keeping out the cold.

1864.  Home News, 19 Dec., 6/1. Prosecuted at the instance of the *Anti-Tobacco Society.

1881.  Times, 28 Jan., 3/6. The *anti-torpedo gun adopted in the Royal Navy.

1860.  Gen. P. Thompson, Audi Alt., III. cxxix. 90. These *anti-trade tinkers are true to their kind; they make two holes, where they pretend to stop one. Ibid. (1835), Exerc., III. 268. One great *anti-unjust-property-union.

  III.  Substantives uniform with, or formed on the preceding adjs. and attrib. phrases. Stress not on anti- (anti-ca·lvinist, a:nti-fana·tic, anti-fri·ction, anti-mo·ralism).

  5.  Combinations in which anti- is prefixed to a personal appellation. a. Adjectives like ANTICHRISTIAN, anti-Arminian, anti-ascetic, anti-Athenian, anti-pre-existentiary, anti-puritan, were (like the simple Christian, Arminian, etc.) also used as sbs.; thence b. anti- was extended to such as Calvinist, which are not originally adj., as in anti-adiaphorist, -atheist, -cheater, -courtier, -covenanter, -episcopist, -fanatic, -free-thinker, -Jansenist, -Jesuit, -pædo-baptist, -papist, -reformer, -royalist, -sophist, -theologian, -zealot; and c. finally to some in which anti- distinctly governs the sb., as † anti-kesar, one opposed to the emperor, anti-missionary, anti-savage, anti-Semite, anti-stadtholder.

1651.  Baxter, Inf. Bapt., 276. The highest *Antiarminian that ever had the happiness to be reputed orthodox.

1827.  Hare, Guesses, I. (1876), 261. Neither the ascetics, nor the intolerant *antiascetics, seem to be aware that the austere Baptist and the social Jesus are merely opposite sides of the same tapestry.

1855.  I. Taylor, Restor. Belief, 256–7. Our hostile friends—the anti-christian *anti-atheists.

1849.  Grote, Greece, II. lxi. V. 337. The leading *anti-Athenians in the town.

1674.  Hickman, Hist. Quinquart. (ed. 2), 32. The *Anticalvinists or Arminians.

1655.  Chym. Med. & Chyrurg. Addr., 65. I have professed myself to be an *Anticheator.

1755.  Johnson, *Anticourtier, One that opposes the court.

1641.  Kirkcudbr. War-Comm. Min. Bk., 120. To have the tymber raid worke … that perteinit to Mr. James Scott, *ante-covenanter.

1649.  Milton, Eikon., xiv. (1851), 448. How to be a Covnanter and *Anticovnanter, how at once to be a Scot, and an Irish Rebell.

1855.  I. Taylor, Restor. Belief, 155. This *anticynic was too thoroughly cynical in soul and temper.

1751.  Chambers, Cycl., *Antiadiaphorists … the rigid Lutherans who disavowed the episcopal jurisdiction, and many of the church-ceremonies, retained by the moderate Lutherans.

1640.  Ld. Digby, in Rushw. Hist. Coll., III. (1692), I. 35. An Argument … against *Antidisciplinarians, to stop their mouths withal.

1680.  Spir. Popery, 33. No Society of Anti-scripturists, Antitrinitarians … *Antidominicans (for I will not call them Antisabbatarians) Antipædobaptists, Antiepiscoparians of what Denomination soever.

1659.  Gauden, Tears of Ch., 283 (D.). The *Antidominicarians, [might deny and overthrow] the Lords day.

1640.  Bp. Hall, Episc., II. § 20. 200. What noyse is this I hear from our *Antepiscopists?

1660.  Milton, Griffiths’ Serm., Wks. 1851, 390. What Phanatic … could more presumptuously affirm whom the Comforter hath impowr’d, than this *Antifanatic, as he would be thought?

1789.  T. Jefferson, Writ., II. 574. A vast majority of *anti-federalists have got into the Assembly of Virginia.

1871.  Fraser, Berkeley, iii. 58. He appears as a free-thinking *Anti-free-thinker.

1751.  Jortin, Eccles. Hist. (1773), I. 158. The *Anti-Jansenists of the church of Rome.

1806.  W. Taylor, in Ann. Rev., IV. 713. The whole tribe of *Anti-jesuits.

1603.  J. Davies, Microcosm., Wks. (Grosart), I. 72/2 (D.).

1855.  Milman, Lat. Chr., XIV. iii. IX. 134. No Eastern *Anti-materialist ever guarded the primal Godhead more zealously.

1790.  Beatson, Nav. & Mil. Mem., I. 169. The *antiministerialists began now to perceive [etc.].

1809.  Southey, in Q. Rev., I. 225. The *anti-missionaries cull out from their journals and letters all that is ridiculous, sectarian, and trifling. Ibid., 223. This madman, as it pleases the *anti-missioners to call him.

1651.  Baxter, Inf. Bapt., 173. He might have called us *Anti-pædobaptists, as being against Infant-Baptism.

1703.  E. Stephens, Dealings R. C. Mission., 2, in Southey, Comm.-pl. Bk., Ser. II. (1850), 87. That the root of all our confusions and troubles did proceed from two opposite factions, of Papists and *Antipapists.

1677.  Gale, Crt. Gentiles, III. 214. We now procede to lay down the proper antithesis of the *Antipredeterminants.

1682.  H. More, Annot. Glanvill’s Lux Orient, 14. This *Anti-Pre-existentiary is such a Trifler.

1789.  Huber, in Ld. Auckland’s Corr. (1861), II. 326. One of the clergy, a curate, strong *anti-prelate.

1785.  T. Warton, Milton’s Poems Sev. Occas., 501 (T.). Dr Samuel Parker … now an *antipuritan in the extreme.

1753.  Chambers, Cycl. Supp., s.v., The rigid Calvinists and adherers to the synod of Dort are denominated *Anti-rationalists, on account of the doctrine of absolute predestination, &c.

1831.  Syd. Smith, Wks., 1859, II. 219/1. The *Anti-Reformers cite the increased power of the press.

1852.  Sir W. Hamilton, Discuss., 436. English Bishops have been always *anti-reformers.

1860.  W. G. Clark, Vac. Tour (1861), 72. I doubt whether ardent *anti-Romanists are wise in advocating the abolition of the temporal power.

1627.  Sybthorpe, Apost. Obed., 16. To make use of *Anti-royalists.

1648.  Prynne, Plea for Lords, 25. The Duke of Gloucester … was the principall *Anti-royalist.

1806.  W. Taylor, in Ann. Rev., IV. 110. These *anti-savages sell their farms … to European emigrants.

1881.  Athenæum, 3 Sept., 305/2. The author, apparently an *anti-Semite, has honestly collected second-hand information concerning the Jews in all countries.

1850.  Grote, Greece, II. lxvii. VIII. 546. Sokrates deserves our admiration … not indeed as an *anti-Sophist.

1753.  Hanway, Trav. (1762), II. I. ix. 50. The *anti-stadtholders, who wish to see the prince pulled out of his seat.

1878.  N. Amer. Rev., CXXVII. 306. Theologians and *anti-theologians may argue the matter as they will.

1865.  Mill, Exam. Hamilton’s Philos., 507. It is indifferent whether we are utilitarians or *anti-utilitarians.

1711.  Shaftesb., Charac. (1732), I. 91. What shou’d we say to one of these *anti-zealots, who, in the zeal of such a cool philosophy, shou’d assure us [etc.].

  6.  Combinations equivalent to the prec., formed, as synthetic derivatives, on the adjs. and attrib. phrases in II; chiefly in -IST, as anti-alcoholist = (anti-alcohol) + -ist, one who is against alcohol, anti-hierarchist (c. 1640) one opposed to a hierarchy; so anti-annexationist, -Bonapartist, -classicist, -humbuggist, -tobacconist, -unionist, -vaccinationist, etc.; rarely with other endings, as anti-churchian, anti-surplician, anti-opiumite, anti-lacrosser, etc.

1882.  Sat. Rev., 25 Feb., 225. All *Anti-Aggressionists present and future.

1862.  Cornh. Mag., VI. 327. Our chemical *anti-alcoholists are by no means easy in their mind.

1882.  Pall Mall G., 28 Nov., 1/1. There are *anti-annexationists in France as there are in England.

1836.  J. Gilbert, Chr. Atonem., iii. (1852), 65. Maintained by the *anti-atonementists.

1662.  Fuller, Worthies, II. 229 (D.). John of Oxford was … a great *Anti-Becketist.

1807.  W. Taylor, in Month. Mag., XXIV. 24. Whether Dr. Watkins, or the Anti-Bucerist, has been the more attentive reader of English ecclesiastical history.

1814.  Sir R. Wilson, Priv. Diary, II. 309. An annal which the greatest *anti-Buonapartist ought to respect.

1819.  (title) Anti-Cathedralist,—exposition of the impropriety of expending £1,000,000 on National Churches.

1682.  2nd Plea Nonconf., 49. The Bishops are *Anti-churchians (as against their Congregational Power).

1840.  Thackeray, Paris Sk. Bk. (1872), 38. The *anticlassicists did not arise in France until about 1827.

1865.  Pusey, Eiren., 358. Probably *Anti-conceptionists will arise.

1865.  Daily Tel., 9 Nov., 7/4. His place was taken by an *anti-confederationist of his own party.

1825.  Q. Rev., XXXIII. 245. Are the *anti-contagionists ignorant of these facts?

1659.  Gauden, Tears of Ch., 603, heading (D.). Of Episcopacy and *Anti-episcopalists in Q. Eliz. dayes.

1882.  Pall Mall G., 16 May, 3/2. Not a single one of the large body of clergymen present ventured to declare himself an *anti-evolutionist.

1662.  Fuller, Worthies, II. 450 (D.). The *anti-Friarists maintaining that such were Rogues.

1867.  Barry, Sir C. Barry, ix. 317. M. Hittorf is clearly a strong *Anti-Gothicist.

1741–70.  Mrs. Carter, Lett. (1808), 163. As soon as these *antiharmonists would consent to part with their card tables, we had a dance.

1640.  Bp. Hall, Episc., I. § 11. 39. This great *Antihierarchist.

1840.  Thackeray, Paris Sk. Bk. (1872), 38. Your humble servant and other *anti-humbuggists.

1870.  Eng. Mech., 14 Jan., 422/2. Baker’s *anti-incrustator for steam boilers.

1824.  Bentham, Bk. Fallac., Wks. 1843, II. 421. Is the *anti-innovationist mute? No.

1827.  Whately, Logic (1837), 249. The stronghold of bigoted *anti-innovators.

1882.  Sun, 14 May, 6/5. The *anti-lacrossers cheered.

1659.  Gauden, Tears of Ch., 91 (D.). Our late *Anti-liturgists thought set forms of prayer might do well at sea, though not at land.

1748.  Richardson, Clarissa (1811), IV. 144. If she make a private purse, which we are told by *anti-matrimonialists, all wives love to do.

1824.  Coleridge, Aids to Refl. (1848), I. 106. In opposition to Hobbes and the *antimoralists.

1810.  Lamb, Lett., I. (1841), 84. Hang temperance and he that first invented it!—some *Anti-Noahite.

1759.  Sterne, Tr. Shandy (1802), IV. 36. He can do nothing, replied the *Antinosarians.

1882.  St. James’s Gaz., 17 March, 5. The *anti-opiumists … must ask for the absolute prohibition … of opium culture.

1882.  Glasg. News, No. 2610. 4/2. Allegations made by the *anti-opiumites.

1830.  Edin. Rev., LI. 297. Hear, ye political economists and *anti-populationists!

1673.  Baxter, Answ. Dodwell, 91. The *Antiprelatists … such as Beza, Gerson.

1650.  J. Cotton, Sing. Psalms, 2. There be some *Anti-psalmists, who doe not acknowledge any singing at all with the voyce in the New Testament.

1848.  Keightley, Secr. Soc. Middle Ages, 267. The good old argument of *anti-reformists, It works well.

1837.  Carlyle, Fr. Rev., II. III. I. i. 133. Cashier of all the *Anti-revolutionists of the interior.

1855.  Milman, Lat. Chr., IX. viii. V. 383. The simple *antisacerdotalists … repudiated the authority of the clergy.

1836.  J. Gilbert, Chr. Atonem., ii. 35. Crellius, the most subtle and elaborate of all the *anti-satisfactionists.

1813.  Month. Mag., XXXVI. 138. Selden was evidently an *anti-supernaturalist.

1842–4.  Barham, in Life, II. ix. 139. I as one of the *anti-surplicians.

1869.  Eng. Mech., 24 Sept., 13/1. The *anti-tobacconists have not let slip the occasion of attributing it to excess of smoking, and they prove that the increase in the number of madmen has kept steady pace with the yearly growing consumption of tobacco.

1803.  W. Taylor, in Ann. Rev., I. 282. The success of the *anti-unionists in the House of Commons.

1883.  Daily Tel., 20 June, 6/8. The *anti-vaccinationists will find it a difficult task to refute the statement [etc.].

1869.  Eng. Mech., 8 Oct., 74/3. They [the *anti-vaccinators] are indeed in a minority.

1882.  Bp. Goodwin, in Macm. Mag., XLV. 468. The extravagant views … of the extreme *anti-vivisectionists, are, to say the most, benevolence gone a little mad.

1662.  Fuller, Worthies, II. 297 (D.). John of Milverton … was a great *Anti-Wiccliffist.

  ¶  As combinations of the type anti-christian, anti-catholic, in which the two preceding groups originated, were originally adjs. used substantively, so those of the type anti-Jesuit, anti-Calvinist, properly substantives, are occasionally used adjectively or attributively; at other times an adj. ending is added, as the anti-Stadtholderian faction, in which case they pass into group 3 above.

1862.  Sat. Rev., XIII. 7 June, 648/1. This year’s division list at last showed the *anti-abolitionist party in a majority. Ibid. (1871), XXXI. 29 April, 529. It has not prevented the *anti-infallibilist priests and laymen of the diocese from drawing up an address of sympathy.

1883.  Harper’s Mag., Jan., 315/2. A copy of a manifesto issued by the *Anti-Nihilist League has been published in a St. Petersburg newspaper, and its publication is said to have caused great annoyance to the Czar.

1845.  R. W. Hamilton, Pop. Educ., viii. 189–90. The Congregationalist and the *Antipædobaptist Denominations may safely reckon their Sabbath Schools by their churches.

1845.  Carlyle, Cromwell (1871), I. 103. To the horror of all *Anti-papist men.

1870.  Lowell, Among My Books, I. (1873), 325. These *anti-patriot flings of Lessing.

1881.  Mrs. Praed, Policy & Pass., I. 303. The wives of the *Anti-Railwayist Faction were decorously triumphant.

1866.  Ch. Times, 3 Feb. The *anti-reformist clergy.

1811.  W. Taylor, in Month. Mag., XXXI. 6. The *anti-supernaturalist christianity of … Eichhorn.

1765.  Ann. Reg., 65/2. The *antistadtholderian faction in Holland.

  7.  Names of things of same form as the attrib. phrases in 4: a. of systems, etc., as anti-bibliolatry, -bigotry, -fouling, -popery, -restoration, -romance, -slavery, -vivisection; b. of material agents or appliances, as anti-ferment; anti-erysipelas, a plant so named from its use; anti-huff, a substance used to adulterate cheese; also ANTI-ATTRITION, -CORROSION, -FRICTION, -MACASSAR, q.v.

1824.  Coleridge, Aids to Refl. (1848), I. 122. Charged with Popish principles on account of their *anti-bibliolatry.

1851.  Carlyle, Sterling, III. iv. (1872), 204. An amount of … liberal *antibigotry that would surprise many.

1714.  Phil. Trans., XXIX. 63. A Plant efficacious in curing Inflammations, whence they call it *Antierisypelas.

1876.  Harley, Mat. Med., 160. Dose.—¹/₂ to 1 drachm as *antiferment.

1869.  Sir E. Reed, Iron-Clad Ships, iv. 78. The superiority in point of *anti-fouling possessed by copper-sheathed wood ships.

1881.  Times, 19 Feb., 5/3. [Cheese] is adulterated … by a commodity called *‘anti-huff.’

1879.  G. Scott, Archit., I. 177. In these days of *anti-restoration.

a. 1842.  Arnold, in Life, I. 344. A man infected with the disorder of *anti-romance.

1881.  Times, 10 Nov., 26/4 Several ladies, among whom were Miss Frances Cobbe, interested in *anti-vivisection, were accommodated with seats upon the bench.

  8.  Abstract substantives, formed on the adjs. in 3, phrases in 4, or sbs. in 5–6, chiefly in -ism, as anti-anthropomorphism (opposition to anthropomorphic principles), -Arminianism, -atheism, -Calvinism, -Darwinism, -egotism, -ghostism (opposition to belief in ghosts), -negroism (opposition to negroes), -pewism, -slaveryism, -turnpikism.

1846.  Sara Coleridge, Mem. & Lett., II. 91. For other such *anti-anthropomorphisms my father has been set a mark against.

1674.  Hickman, Hist. Quinquart. (ed. 2), 169. If this be not Calvinism and *Antiarminianism, I know not what is. Ibid., 217. We have found *Anti-calvinism discountenanced by the Church, in Queen Elizabeth’s Reign.

1840.  Syd. Smith, Lett., No. 438. That dreadful sin of *anti-egotism.

1819.  Coleridge, Rem. (1836), II. 213. Hume … could not but have had faith in this ghost … let his *anti-ghostism have been as strong as Samson. Ibid. (1812), I. 349. Holding the *antimoralism of Paley.

1851.  Sara Coleridge, Mem. & Lett., II. 434. The irrationality and antimoralism … involved in the popular religion.

1863.  E. Swifte, N. & Q., Ser. III. IV. 264. With veritable Northern *anti-negroism.

1652.  Tombes (title), Anti-Pædo-Baptism.

1795.  P. Edwards (title), Candid reasons for renouncing the principles of *Antipedobaptism.

1837.  Carlyle, Fr. Rev., V. vii. II. 330. Denouncing *Anti-patriotism.

1865.  Ch.-man, 14 Dec., 1405/2. *Anti-pewism has come out against Protestantism.

1855.  H. Spencer, Psychol., VII. xix. II. 491. *Anti-Realism … is open to the fatal criticism.

1702.  Lond. Gaz., mmmdcccxvii/4. *Anti-Scepticism.

1882.  Athenæum, 11 Feb., 184/1. The post-Biblical history of the Jews, a subject which attracts considerable interest in these days of *anti-Semitism.

1863.  E. Dicey, Federal States, II. 188. Moderate *anti-slaveryism is obviously the correct thing.

1814.  W. Taylor, in Month. Rev., LXXIII. 66. The established Church of Prussia now teaches *anti-supernaturalism from the pulpit.

1856.  Smyth, Rom. Fam. Coins, 191. The *anti-teetotalism of this stern reprover of others.

1843.  Miall, Nonconf., III. 446. The potentiality of *antiturnpikeism is proclaimed.

  ¶  Examples of the purposes to which anti- has been put are seen in the following:—anti-contagious-diseasist, anti-gigman-ic, anti-money-an, anti-pent-agonist, anti-philippizing, anti-street-musical, anti-tintinnabularian (an enemy of bells), anti-tobacconal.

1880.  W. Wren, in Daily News, 28 Jan., 2/4. The Local Optionists, the *Anti-contagious Diseasists.

1831.  Carlyle, in Froude, Life, II. 156. My visit to London is *antigigmanic from heart to skin.

1683.  Lond. Gaz., mdccclxxxiii/4. A Confutation of the Whiggish Conspirators *Anti-Mony-an Principle.

1642.  Sir E. Dering, Sp. on Relig., xvi. 74. The point already warme between a reverend … Bishop and his *Anti-pent-agonists.

1853.  Grote, Greece, II. xc. XI. 617. Hegesippus, a strenuous *antiphilippising politician.

1865.  Pall Mall G., 10 June, 9/2. Mr. Mansfield, who has always been *anti-street-musical, sentenced them to pay a fine of 40s., or to go to prison for a month.

1818.  J. H. Frere, Whistlecraft’s National Poem, III. xxxi.

1862.  Cornh. Mag., VI. 614. Excessive smoking is carried to a pitch that would make the hair of any *anti-tobacconal stand on end with horror.