Also 4–5 engendre, 5–7 ingender. [a. F. engendrer, corresp. to Pr. engenrar, It. ingenerare:—L. ingenerāre, f. in + generāre to beget, GENERATE, f. genus, gener-is, breed, race.]
1. trans. Of the male parent: To beget. Const. on, of. Now only rhetorical or fig.
c. 1325. E. E. Allit. P., B. 272. En-gendered on hem Ieauntez with her Iapez ille.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Merch. T., 28. Than schuld he take a yong wif and a fair, On which he might engendre him an hair.
c. 1400. Maundev., xxi. 223. Of his Sone Chuse, was engendred Nembrother the Geaunt.
1475. Caxton, Jason, 77. The one espoused that other and engendryd on her a daughter.
1513. Douglas, Æneis, X. Prol. 42. The Fader … His only Son engendris evirmoir.
1568. Grafton, Chron., II. 625. The sayde Richarde was espoused to Lady Alice … of which woman he engendered Richard, John and George.
1651. Hobbes, Leviath., III. xxxvii. 233. When a man, or other Animal, engenders his like … it is no Miracle.
1796. Jeffrey, in Ld. Cockburn, Life J. (1853), II. xiii. I haue to seek out some angelic partner, and engender a dozen or two of children.
1836–7. Sir W. Hamilton, Metaph., xxxix. (1870), II. 394. The offspring of experience engendered upon custom.
† 2. Of the female parent: To conceive, bear.
1340–70. Alex. & Dind., 587. Ȝe were alle … bred of þat modur Þat … storms engendreþ.
a. 1400[?]. Morte Arth., 612. Sexty geauntes be-fore engenderide with fendez.
1509. Hawes, Past. Pleas., IV. xx. Seven doughters … she had well engendred.
1601. Shaks., Jul. C., V. iii. 71. O Error soone conceyu’d, Thou … kil’st the Mother that engendred thee.
1683. Brit. Spec., 57. The Father and Mother, and simply those that beget and ingender do … rule over all their Children.
3. Of both parents, also vaguely of ancestors, and transf. of countries, situations, conditions, etc.: To produce, give existence to (living beings). In passive, to be produced, begotten (Const. between, of); to be descended.
1393. Langl., P. Pl., C. XI. 215. A rybaud þei engendrede · and a gome vnryghtful.
1480. Caxton, Destr. Irel. (1520), 2/2. Men of relygyon eet barnacles upon fastynge dayes bycause they ben not engendred with flesshe.
1549. Compl. Scot., Ep. Q. Mary 2. Illustir princes, engendrit of magnanime genoligie.
1577. B. Googe, Heresbach’s Husb., III. (1586), 125 b. Of the shee Asse and the Horse, is engendred the shee moile.
1651. C. Cartwright, Cert. Relig., I. 232. For what hath man deserved, why his parents should ingender him such, or such?
1777. Robertson, Hist. Amer. (1778), I. III. 202. Elevated at some distance from … the odious reptiles engendered in the putrid waters.
1814. Cary, Dante’s Inf., III. 97. The human kind, the place, the time, and seed, That did engender them and give them birth.
1830. Lyell, Princ. Geol. (1875), I. I. ii. 16. [Anaximander] taught that after the first imperfect and short-lived creatures had been engendered in slime.
† 4. absol. To copulate, have sexual intercourse. Said of both sexes. Const. with. Also fig. Obs.
c. 1400. Destr. Troy, 7959. Luff ingendreth with ioye, as in a iust sawle.
1547. J. Harrison, Exhort. Scottes, 213. Thei ingendered with spirites, & brought furth l. Giauntes.
1577. B. Googe, Heresbach’s Husb., III. (1586), 127. Camel … engendreth … backward, as the Elephantes.
1599. Massinger, etc. Old Law, III. ii. His goodness has gone backward, and engendered with his old sins again.
1667. Milton, P. L., II. 794. And in embraces forcible and foule Ingendring with me.
1774. Goldsm., Nat. Hist. (1776), III. 174. With the wild boar … they are never known to engender.
1826. Kirby & Sp., Entomol. (1828), III. xxviii. 25. That Insecta engender only once in the course of their lives.
¶ trans. Misused for: To couple.
1791. Paine, Rights M. (ed. 4), 80. By engendering the church with the state.
5. trans. † a. To produce by natural processes, develop, generate (plants, minerals, material substances) (obs.). b. To give rise to, produce (a state of things, a disease, force, quality, feeling, etc.). † c. To contract (a disorder). Obs.
a. c. 1386. Chaucer, Prol., 4. Of which vertue engendred is the flour.
c. 1430. Lydg., Chorle & Byrde (1818), 12. Ther is a stone, which callid is a Jagounce Of olde engendrid within myn entraylle.
1553. Eden, Treat. Newe Ind. (Arb.), 6. Golde … is engendred almost in al regions neare vnto the Æquinoctial line.
1563. T. Gale, Antid., II. 51. It doeth ingender fleshe on the bones that are bare.
1570–6. Lambarde, Peramb. Kent (1826), 261. Those brookes … doe ingendre the river Stowre.
1652. Culpepper, Eng. Physic., 99. To … cleanse the kidnies from gravel or stones ingendered in them.
1671. J. Webster, Metallogr., xiii. 202. The ground and soil of this Mountain … neither ingenders, nor brings forth any fruit, grass, nor grain.
1775. Adair, Amer. Ind., 237. Others resemble the onyx, being engendered of black and thick humours.
b. 1340. Hampole, Pr. Consc., 1141. Lust and lykyng, that es flesshely Engendres the syn of lychery.
1477. Norton, Ord. Alch., in Ashm. (1652), 64. Darknes with hardnes ingendred shall be.
1526. Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W., 1531), 47. To plucke out all the olde euyll customes that by synne be engendred in vs.
1628. T. Spencer, Logick, 124. These similitudes … ingender truth.
1646. Recorde, etc. Gr. Artes, 167. The quotient will shew you the number that engendreth the Progression.
1692. Dryden, St. Euremont’s Ess., 296. Immoderate Study engenders a grossness in the Mind, and injures his Sentiments.
1752. Hume, Pol. Disc., vii. 118. Taxes … when carried too far, destroy industry, by engendring despair.
1841. Catlin, N. Amer. Ind. (1844), II. xlviii. 111. This stupid and useless fashion … has most unfortunately been engendered on these ignorant people.
1863. Tyndall, Heat, i. § 10. The heat engendered by the friction.
c. 1525. Ld. Berners, Froiss., II. clxxxviii. 575. They answered howe the kyng of longe tyme had engendred the same malady.
1632. Lithgow, Trav., V. 192. When Italians … eate any quantity thereof, they presently fall into the bloudy fluse, or else ingender some other pestilentious fever.
† 6. intr. a. Of living things: To breed, multiply. b. Of inorganic substances: To form, originate, be produced. c. Of maladies, etc.: To originate, develop. Also fig. Obs.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Prol., 421. He knew the cause of every maladye … And where thei engendrid.
c. 1420. Pallad. on Husb., I. 308. For causes pestilent Engendring there, and wormes violent.
1523. Ld. Berners, Froiss., I. ccccviii. 710. Thus ther engendred hatred dayly bytwene Fraunce and Flaunders.
1567. Maplet, Gr. Forest, 5 b. The Cristall … engendreth not so much of the waters coldenesse.
1578. Lyte, Dodoens, I. lxx. 104. Fleas will not come nor ingender where as it [Fleabane] is layed.
a. 1618. Raleigh, Instruct. Sonne, ix. (1651), 24. As the worm that engendereth in the Kernel of the Nut.
1651. Howell, Venice, 195. An illfavourd black cloud began to engender against her in the Levant.
1653. Culpepper, Eng. Physic., 62. To cause the stone not to ingender.
1693. Dryden, Ovid’s Met., I. in Misc. Poems, III. 5 (J.). Thick Clouds are spread, and Storms engender there.
1726. Leoni, Alberti’s Archit., I. 44 a. Damp that may happen to engender or gather under ground.
1786. trans. Beckford’s Vathek (1868), 53. Bats will engender in thy belly.
1865. Draper, Intell. Devel. Europe, xx. 471. In Italy … a dismal disbelief was silently engendering.
