prefix (before a vowel sometimes reduced to end-), employed as comb. form of Gr. ἔνδον within, in many compounds of mod. formation, as Endarteritis, Endo-arteritis [see ARTERITIS], Pathol., inflammation of the inner coat of an artery. Endochorion, Anat. [see CHORION], the inner layer of the chorion or membrane that encloses the fœtus. Endochrome (see quot.). Endocrane [Gr. κράνιον skull; also in Lat. form endocranium], the inner surface of the skull. Endocyst (see quots., also CYST and ECTOCYST). Endognathal a., Zool. [Gr. γνάθ-ος jaw + -AL], that is placed within the jaw; endognathal palp, a palpiform appendage in certain Crustacea. Endolaryngeal a. [cf. LARYNGEAL], pertaining to the interior of the larynx; hence Endolaryngeally adv. Endolith [Gr. λίθος stone], one of a number of colored designs on slabs of marble or ivory, sawn from a block on the surface of which chemically prepared color has been laid, that permeates the material; hence Endolithic a. Endolymph, Anat. [see LYMPH], the fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the ear. Endometrial a., pertaining to Endometritis, Pathol. [Gr. μήτρα womb + -ITIS (= Gr. -ῖτις)], inflammation of the lining membrane of the womb. Endometry, Med. [Gr. -μετρια; see -METRY], the measurement of an internal part. Endomorph, Min. [Gr. μορφή form] (see quot.). Endoparasite, Zool., an animal that lives and finds nourishment in the internal organs of another; hence Endoparasitic a. Endophlebitis, Pathol. [Gr. φλέψ, φλεβός vein + -ITIS (a. Gr. -ῖτις)], inflammation of the lining membrane of a vein. Endophragm [Gr. φράγμα partition], a. Bot. a transverse diaphragm or septum; b. Zool. the chitinous covering of the neural canal in the thorax of some Crustacea; hence Endophragmal a. Endophyllous a. Bot. [Gr. φύλλον leaf + -OUS] (see quot.). Endophyte, Bot. [Gr. φυτόν plant], † a. (see quot. 1835); b. a plant growing inside another, an internal fungus. Endoplasm [Gr. πλάσμα something molded or formed] (see quot.; cf. ECTOPLASM s.v. ECTO-). Endoplast [Gr. πλαστός formed], ‘a large protoplasmic corpuscle in the external parenchyma of the body of the Infusoria’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.); hence Endoplastic a.; Endoplastule [see -ULE], ‘a bright rod-like mass lying in the interior or on the outside of the endoplast of Protozoa; supposed to be a male sexual organ’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.). Endopleura, Bot. [Gr. πλευρά side], the internal covering of a seed. Hence Endopleurite, Zool. [see prec.], the portion of the apodeme of the thorax in Crustacea, which arises from the interepimeral membrane connecting each pair of somites. Endopodite [Gr. πούς, ποδ-ός foot + -ITE], ‘the innermost of the two processes appended to the basal process of the hinder limbs of some of the Crustacea’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.). Endoptile a. Bot. [Gr. πτίλον feather], ‘said of an embryo, whose plumule is rolled up by the cotyledon, as in endogens’ (Treas. Bot.). Endo(r)rhiz, Bot. [Gr. ῥίζα root], ‘the sheath-enclosed radicle of an endorrhizous plant, which does not lengthen, but gives origin from its termination or from its sides to short rootlets’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.). Hence Endor(r)hizal, -ous, adjs. Endosarc, Zool. [Gr. σάρξ σαρκός flesh], the inner sarcode-layer of certain rhizopods, such as the Amœba. Endoscope, Med. [Gr. -σκοπος watching], ‘an instrument so arranged as to give a view of some internal part of the body through a natural canal’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.). Hence Endoscopic a. Endoscopy, the examination of internal parts by means of the endoscope. Endoskeletal, of or pertaining to the Endoskeleton, Anat. [see SKELETON], the internal framework of the Vertebrata, consisting of bone and cartilage, as distinguished from the bony and leathery integuments of some animals. Endosperm, Bot. [Gr. σπέρμα seed], the nutritive element, also called albumen, enclosed with the embryo in many seeds; hence Endospermic a. Endospore, Bot. [Gr. σπορά sowing], a. the inner coat of a spore in lichens; b. a spore formed in the interior of a theca; hence Endosporous a., a term applied to fungi whose spores are contained in a case. Endosteal a., Anat. [see -AL], pertaining to the endosteum (q.v. below); hence Endosteally adv. Endosternite, Zool. [Gr. στέρνον breast + -ITE], the portion of the apodeme of the thorax in Crustacea which arises from the intersternal membrane. Endosteum, Anat. [mod.L., f. Gr. ὀστέον bone], the internal periosteum. Endostoma, Zool. [Gr. στόμα mouth] (see quot.). Endostome, Bot. [see prec.], the aperture in the inner integument of an ovule. Endostosis [Gr. ὀστέον bone, on the analogy of ἐξόστωσις], an internal growth of bone. Endostyle, Zool. [Gr. στύλος column], ‘a rigid, hollow, whitish, rod-like structure on the floor of the ventral groove of Tunicata’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.). Hence Endostylic a. Endotheca [Gr. θήκη case], a. Zool., the inner layer of the wall of the sac of the gonosome of the Hydrozoa; b. Bot., the inner membrane of the wall of the cells of the anther. Hence Endothecal a., (dissepiments) horizontal plates growing inwards from the septa of a corallite (Syd. Soc. Lex.). Endothelial a., relating to endothelium. Endothelioid a., resembling endothelium. Endothelium, Phys. [Gr. θηλή nipple], the layer of cells lining a blood-vessel or serous cavity, in structure similar to EPITHELIUM. Also pl. Endothelia, vessel-cells.
1866. A. Flint, Princ. Med. (1880), 196. *Endarteritis.
1876. trans. Wagner’s Gen. Pathol., 161. An habitual use of alcohol … causes chronic endarteritis.
1857. Bullock, Cazeaux’ Midwifery, 195. The internal or allantoid is essentially vascular, and has been denominated the *endochorion.
1835. Lindley, Introd. Bot. (1848), II. 121. *Endochrome; the granular contents of spores and sporidia.
1884. Syd. Soc. Lex., Endochrome … specially applied to the colouring matter of vegetable cells when any other colour than green.
1878. Bartley, trans. Topinard’s Anthrop., II. iii. 294. How much more [importance] should we [attach] to its interior or *endocrane?
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., vii. 403. In addition to these externally visible sclerites, there is a sort of internal skeleton (*endocranium or tentorium).
1872. H. A. Nicholson, Palæont., 191. The *endocyst is invariably flexible and membranous.
1880. Athenæum, 23 Oct., 536/1. Within the cell [in Polyzoa] comes the body-wall known as the endocyst.
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., vi. 345. The three terminal joints of the limb remain small, and constitue a palpiform appendage—the *endognathal palp.
1888. Sir M. Mackenzie, Frederick the Noble, 191. I had twice done an *endolaryngeal operation on this patient. Ibid., 230. By previously removing a portion *endolaryngeally.
1884. Globe, 29 April. Dr. Hand-Smith’s *Endoliths at Piccadilly Hall.
1884. Pall Mall Gaz., 12 Dec., 8/2. Dr. Hand-Smith lent a splendid endolith of Lord Beaconsfield and various *endolithic marbles.
1836–9. Todd, Cycl. Anat., II. 539/1. The *endolymph is in birds as limpid as in the Mammifera.
1878. M. Foster, Physiol., III. iii. § 1. 449. Waves of sound can and do reach the endolymph of the labyrinth by direct conduction through the skull.
1859. Todd, Cycl. Anat., V. 702/2. *Endometrial inflammations have been distinguished … as croupy … catarrhal, and the like.
1872. T. G. Thomas, Dis. Women, 117. Senile *endometritis.
1876. trans. Wagner’s Gen. Pathol., 592. Puerperal endometritis.
1878. Bartley, trans. Topinard’s Anthrop., II. iii. 244. We shall only mention two of them … *endometry and endoscopy.
1882. Geikie, Text-bk. Geol., II. II. § 2. 61. A mineral which encloses another has been called a Perimorph; one enclosed within another an *Endomorph.
1884. P. Geddes, in Encycl. Brit., XVIII. 261. *Endoparasites he [Leuckart] divides according to [etc.].
1883. Athenæum, 24 March, 381/3. Simondsia is a genus of *endoparasitic nematodes.
1874. Jones & Siev., Pathol. Anat., 400. *Endophlebitis is hardly seen in an acute form.
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., vi. 333. A complex mass of fibres which is attached in part to the *endophragms of the thorax in front. Ibid., 361. A strong apodeme … passing inwards and forwards meets with its fellow, to form an *endophragmal arch, which supports the œsophagus and stomach.
1835. Lindley, Introd. Bot. (1848), II. 65. Dumortier adds to these names *endophyllous and exophyllous; because the young leaves of monocotyledons are evolved from within a sheath. Ibid., I. 21, note. A division … separates, in trees, the bark from the internal part, or *‘endophyte’ as he [Count de Tristan] terms it.
1854. J. Hogg, Microscope, II. i. (1867), 293. Endophytes … originate from germs which penetrate healthy plants and develop a mycelium.
1883. J. E. Ady, in Knowledge, 15 June, 355/2. Its [Amœba’s] jelly-like body becomes faintly parcelled out into an outer firm (ectoplasm) and an inner soft (*endoplasm) layer.
1859. Todd, Cycl. Anat., V. 475/1. On the outer side of the line lie the close-set *endoplasts of the deepest layer of the epidermis.
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., i. 47. The endoplast may take on more and more definitely the characters of a reproductive organ. Ibid., ii. 95. Magosphœra is thus very nearly an *endoplastic repetition of the moneran Protomonas. Ibid., 96. Nor do any of them exhibit a structure analogous to the *endoplastule of the Ciliata.
1842. Gray, Struct. Bot., viii. (1880), 306. The inner coat, called … *Endopleura … is always conformed to the nucleus.
1870. Bentley, Bot., 331. The endopleura is generally of a soft and delicate nature.
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., vi. 310. The *endopleurite, likewise, divides into three apophyses.
1870. Rolleston, Anim. Life, 94. Two multiarticulate filaments representing an ‘exopodite’ and an *‘endopodite.’
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., vi. 281. To this end the joints of the endopodite are greatly expanded, and converted into a hemispherical bowl.
1869. Nicholson, Zoology, 43. The *endosarc contains the only organs possessed by the animal.
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., xii. 659. The line of separation between the endosarc and the ectosarc.
1861. Bumstead, Ven. Dis. (1879), 87. In learning the use of the *Endoscope … commence with the simplest instruments.
1872. T. G. Thomas, Dis. Women, 93. If the cervix be dilated, the endoscope may be at once introduced.
1861. Bumstead, Ven. Dis. (1879), 90. An *endoscopic examination is attempted. Ibid., 87. Writers on *endoscopy.
1883. Holmes, Surgery (ed. 3), III. 214. Endoscopy is of very little value in stricture.
1883. Athenæum, 30 June, 833/1. The muscular and *endoskeletal systems of Limulus and Scorpio.
1839–47. Todd, Cycl. Anat., III. 846/2. The … skeleton and *endoskeleton … become appendages one of the other.
1872. H. A. Nicholson, Palæont., 30. Some of the fishes … possess no ‘endoskeleton.’
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., i. 53. All Echinoderms have a calcareous endoskeleton.
c. 1850. Nat. Encycl., I. 388. It is also named *endosperm.
1875. Darwin, Insectiv. Pl., xv. 362. The endosperm is not actually united with … the embryo.
1882. Vines, Sachs’ Bot., 227. A special mass of tissue, the so-called Endosperm.
1875. Cooke, Fungi, 23. The covering of the spore is double consisting of an exospore and an *endospore.
1882. Vines, Sachs’ Bot., 277. An external rough dark-brown exospore and an inner endospore.
1878. T. Bryant, Pract. Surg., I. 537. The *endosteal membrane … lines the bone.
1870. Rolleston, Anim. Life, 39. This merely *endosteally ossified bone.
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., vi. 309–10. Each *endosternite is distinguishable into three apophyses.
18[?]. Carpenter, Physiol. (1881), 48. [The shaft of a bone] is lined by a … delicate layer of the same tissue, to which the term *‘endosteum’ is applied.
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., vi. 341. And the plate [in Astacus] which stretches backwards and supports the labrum, within its posterior forked boundary, is the *endostoma.
1835. Lindley, Introd. Bot. (1848), I. 395. In the language of Mirbel, exostome … in the outer integument, and *endostome in the inner integument.
1842. Gray, Struct. Bot., vi. § 8 (1880), 277. When the ovule has two coats, the foramen of the outer one is called Exostome, of the inner Endostome; literally the outer and the inner orifice.
1870. Rolleston, Anim. Life, 38. Ossified both by ectostosis and *endostosis.
1854. Woodward, Mollusca (1856), 345. In Salpa.… The dorsal sinus contains the long tubular filament … called the *endostyle.
1877. Huxley, Anat. Inv. Anim., x. 597. On each side of the endostyle, the posterior part of the hæmal wall of the pharynx presents two oval apertures. Ibid., 612. The *endostylic cone elongates.
1883. Athenæum, 10 Feb., 188/3. Edwards and Haime described … the absence of *endothecal dissepiments.
1876. trans. Wagner’s Gen. Pathol., 150. The lymphatic capillaries have an *endothelial covering.
1866. A. Flint, Princ. Med. (1880), 225. The tubercles present the typical *endothelioid and giant-celled structure.
1872. Peaslee, Ovar. Tumors, 5. The *endothelium of blood-vessels.
1876. trans. Wagner’s Gen. Pathol., 227. Their endothelia are more easily separated.
1881. Mivart, Cat, 189. The layer of epithelium thus lining a serous cavity is called endothelium.
