a. and sb. Also 4 collaterale, 5 -alle, 6–7 -all, colaterall. [ad. med.L. collaterāl-is, f. L. col- together with + later- stem of latus side: cf. lateral, and F. collatéral.]
A. adj.
1. Situated or placed side by side (with one another); running side by side, parallel.
In Geometry and Crystallogr. applied to two faces having a common edge.
1450–1530. Myrr. Our Ladye, 238. Collateral is sayde of one that is nye a nother by the tone syde of hym.
1527. R. Thorne, in Hakluyt, Voy. (1589), 253. Betwixt two Collateral lines.
1578. Lyte, Dodoens, I. xxvii. 40. Parted into many collaterall or side braunches.
1601. Shaks., All’s Well, I. i. 99. In his bright radience and colaterall light, Must I be comforted, not in his sphere.
1613. R. C., Table Alph. (ed. 3), Collaterall, on the other side, ouer against, as two lines drawne equally distant one from another.
1667. Milton, P. L., X. 86. From his radiant seat he rose Of high collateral glorie.
1669. Worlidge, Syst. Agric., vi. § 10 (1681), 108. Leave some Collateral shoots to attract the Sap.
1709. Berkeley, Th. Vision, § 85. We neither see more visible points, nor are the collateral points more distinct.
1836. W. Irving, Astoria, II. 114. The Rocky mountains … occur … singly or in groups, and occasionally in collateral ridges.
b. Const. to.
1833. De Quincey, Wks. (1863), XIV. 181. We approached London by rural lanes … collateral to the main roads.
† c. = Lateral, side-. Obs.
1649. Bulwer, Pathomyot., II. i. 50. Collaterall Nods, such as wee use when the partyes to whom we make the signe are on one side of us.
1796. Morse, Amer. Geog., II. 195. From this canal a collateral cut to Naas is completed.
d. Phys. Collateral arteries: ‘a term applied to branches of arteries which follow more or less the course of the parent vessel.’ Collateral circulation: ‘circulation carried on through lateral or secondary channels after stoppage or obstruction in the main vessels’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.). So collateral fluxion, hyperæmia, etc.
a. 1788. P. Pott, Chirurg., Wks. III. 377. Collateral branches of sufficient size to carry on the circulation.
1804. Abernethy, Surg. Observ., 228. The adequateness of the collateral arteries for the supply of the limb.
1831. R. Knox, Cloquet’s Anat., 691. It [the Dorsal Artery of the Thumb] terminates by anastomosing with its external collateral artery.
1877. Roberts, Handbk. Med., I. 26. The ‘collateral circulation’ … set up when a main artery is tied.
e. Bot. Side by side. Collateral bundle: a fibro-vascular bundle in which the wood- and bast-elements (xylem and phloem) are placed side by side.
1857. Henfrey, Elem. Course Bot., 89. Sometimes the multiplication [of organs] is collateral, a pair of stamens, for example, standing in place of one.
1870. Hooker, Stud. Flora, 326. Euphorbiaceæ … Ovules 1–2, collateral.
1878. Macnab, Bot., ii. (1883), 45. Many monocotyledons and dicotyledons have collateral bundles.
† f. Collateral winds: those blowing from points of the compass intermediate to the cardinal points. So collateral points, quarters. Obs.
1398. Trevisa, Barth. De P. R., XI. iii. (Tollem. MS.). Wyndes beþ twelue; foure þerof ben clepid cardinales, chef wyndes, and viii collaterales, side wyndes.
1549. Compl. Scot., vi. (1872), 61. Ther is iiij. callit vyndis cardinal, and the tothir iiij. ar callit vyndis collateral.
1665. J. Webb, Stone-Heng (1725), 104. Not only from the West, and other principal, but from the collateral Regions of the Heaven also.
1751. Chambers, Cycl., Collateral winds, are those blowing from collateral points.
2. fig. Accompanying, attendant, concomitant.
1377. Langl., P. Pl., B. XIV. 297. A collateral conforte crystes owne ȝifte.
c. 1430. Lydg., Bochas, VIII. xii. (1554), 183 b. Who that did unright By oppression or by collateral wrong.
1613. Sir H. Finch, Law (1636), 189. That cannot be discerned by sight, but by a colaterall proofe, the measuring of them.
1644. Milton, Judgm. Bucer (1851), 299. Not as a Learner, but as a collateral Teacher.
1752. Hume, Pol. Disc., iii. 52. We mistake, as is usual, a collateral effect for a cause.
1870. Echo, 12 Nov. Anyone who studies these reports in the light of collateral knowledge of prisons.
† b. Ranking side by side with, co-ordinate. Obs.
1450–1530. Myrr. Our Ladye, 238. The father and the holy goste were with oure lorde … and therfore they are called hys collateral fellowes.
1641. Milton, Ch. Discipl., II. Wks. 1738, I. 23. The King … shall rid his Kingdom of a strong sequester’d and collateral Power.
1650. R. Hollingworth, Exerc. conc. Vsvrped Powers, 5. A King, an House of Peers, and an House of Commons sitting in a collaterall, or coordinate rank.
1656. Trapp, Comm. Matt. xvi. 24. That [Peter] might not be made collateral, a very copesmate, to Christ himself.
c. Parallel in time, order, tenor or development; corresponding.
1653. Milton, Hirelings (1659), 33. Neither doth the collateral place … make other use of this story.
1728. Newton, Chronol. Amended, iii. 292. The two collateral Empires of the Babylonians and Medes.
1755. Johnson, Dict., Pref. When the radical idea branches out into parallel ramifications, how can a consecutive series be formed of senses in their nature collateral?
1774. J. Bryant, Mythol., II. 415. I should therefore from the collateral histories imagine [etc.].
1816. J. Smith, Panorama Sci. & Art, I. 601. The lower part of a rainbow appears broader than the upper part … the breadth of the moon and of the rainbow in this case are doubtless collateral phenomena.
3. Lying aside from the main subject, line of action, issue, purpose, etc.; side; subordinate, indirect.
c. 1374. Chaucer, Troylus, I. 262. For to tellen forth in especial … And levyn al other thinges collateral.
1588. Fraunce, Lawiers Log., II. iii. 89 b. Little grand mootemen, who … for every collaterall trifle run over all the 633 titles of Brookes abridgement.
1602. Shaks., Ham., IV. v. 206. If by direct or by Colaterall hand They finde vs touch’d.
1677. Hale, Prim. Orig. Man., To Rdr. 4. Collateral things, not being the principal Subject of the Discourse.
1783. Burke, Sp. E. Ind. Bill, Wks. IV. 7. Though there are no direct, yet there are various collateral objections made.
1868. Freeman, Norm. Conq. (1876), II. ix. 347. One of the collateral causes of the Norman Conquest.
b. Const. to.
1614. Raleigh, Hist. World, II. 549. In pursuing of actions collaterall to the History.
1672. Marvell, Reh. Transp., I. 106. This … being but collateral to my work of Examining the Preface.
1796. Burke, Regic. Peace, i. Wks. VIII. 148. For any thing, which in the late discussion has appeared, the war is entirely collateral to the state of jacobinism.
4. Descended from the same stock, but in a different line; pertaining to those so descended. Opposed to lineal.
Collateral ancestor: a brother or sister of a parent, grandparent, or other lineal ancestor.
1375. Barbour, Bruce, I. 56. He … That … cummyn wes of the neist male, And in branch collaterale.
c. 1425. Wyntoun, Cron., VIII. Prol. 14. Qwhen þe succession lynealle Endit, þe collateralle Ressawit … þe Crowne.
1531. Dial. on Laws Eng., II. l. (1638), 154. A warranty of an ancestor collateral to the disseisee.
1655. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. vi. § 39. King Edward dying Childlesse … left the Land at a Losse for an Heir in a direct Line, & opened a Door to the Ambition of Collaterall Pretenders.
1818. Cruise, Digest (ed. 2), I. 81. The heirs of a man’s body, by which only his lineal descendants were admitted, in exclusion of collateral heirs.
a. 1847. Barham, Ingol. Leg., Spectre of Tappington. The property passed … to a collateral branch of the family.
b. transf. and fig.
1589. Nashe, Martin’s Months Minde, 13. Another rabble, of the same house and famelie, in the collateral line of leudnes.
1866. Felton, Anc. & Mod. Gr., I. iii. 32. Languages … allied by collateral affinities.
5. Law. In various technical phrases:
Collateral assurance, assurance made over and above the principal deed; collateral security, any property or right of action, given as additional to the obligation of a contract or the like; so collateral bond, surety; collateral fact, a fact not considered relevant to the matter in dispute in an action; collateral issue, where a criminal convict pleads any matter allowed by law, in bar of execution, as pregnancy, pardon, diversity of person, etc., whereon collateral issue is taken, and tried by a jury instanter (Wharton); collateral warranty: see quot.
1534. Act 26 Hen. VIII., c. 3 § 21. Any colaterall writing or suertie made for such pension.
1552. Huloet, Collateral bonde, satisdatio.
1570. Act 13 Eliz., c. 8 § 3. Contracts and Assurances, collateral or other.
1574. trans. Littleton’s Tenures, 132 a. Called collaterall warrantie. In so much that hee yt made the warrantie is collaterall to the title of the tenementes.
1607. Cowell, Interpr., s.v., To bee subject to the feeding of the Kings Deere, is collaterall to the soyle within the Forest.
1623. in New Shaks. Soc. Trans. (1885), 505. Collaterall Covenauntes bondes and assurances so to bee made.
1767. Blackstone, Comm., II. 106. As incorporeal hereditaments are in their nature collateral to, and issue out of, lands and houses, their owner hath no property … or demesne, in the thing itself, but hath only something derived out of it. Ibid., II. 301. Collateral warranty … a younger brother released to his father’s disseisor, with warranty, this was collateral to the elder brother.
1777. Sheridan, Sch. Scand., III. ii. With a few pair of point ruffles, as a collateral security.
1868. G. Duff, Pol. Surv., 84. The foreign inspectorate…, on which England and France had insisted as a collateral security.
B. sb.
† 1. A person associated with another in some office or function; a colleague, an assessor. Obs.
1513–75. Diurn. Occurr. (1833), 104. Collaterallis to him wes the bischopis of Dunkell [and] Dunblane, with thair rockattis and huidis.
a. 1639. Spottiswood, Hist. Ch. Scot., IV. (1677), 197. The Prince was received by the Archbishop of St. Andrews, whose Collaterals were the Bishops of Dunkeld, Dumblane, and Ross.
1726. Ayliffe, Parerg., 140. Canons are Collaterals unto Bishops, as Cardinals are to the Popes.
† 2. An equal in rank; a rival. Obs.
1611. Speed, Hist. Gt. Brit., VII. x. (1623), 249/2. The fifteenth king … besides fiue other collateralls, that by intrusion put on the Crowne.
1660. Milton, Griffith’s Serm., Wks. (1851), 391. Your conceited Sanctuary … degrades God to a Cherub, and raises your King to be his collateral in place.
† 3. A contemporary. Obs. rare.
1614. Raleigh, Hist. World, II. xxvi. § 6 (R.). Most of the kings have their beginnings placed in some other year of their collaterals than the Scriptures have determined.
4. An accompanying circumstance. rare.
a. 1635. Naunton, Fragm. Reg. (Arb.), 36. I hope these are Collaterals of no danger.
1819. J. Lawrence, in Monthly Mag., XLVII. 128. What can we say of time and space, but that they are the synonyms or collaterals of existence.
5. A collateral kinsman.
1691. Wood, Ath. Oxon., II. 699. All collaterals, viz. Uncles, Aunts, Brothers and Sisters.
1777. Robertson, Hist. Amer. (1778), II. VII. 281. Collaterals of mature age or distinguished merit were often preferred to those … nearer the throne in direct descent.
1811. Morritt, Lett., 28 Dec., in Lockhart, Scott. A greedy collateral who inherited the estate.
b. A collateral line of descent. rare.
1698. Sidney, Disc. Govt., I. § 15 (1704), 28. All the Sons of Shem and Japhet, and their Descendants in the Collaterals, were to be prefer’d before him [Ham].
6. Anything given as collateral security.
1887. Fall River Advance, 23 April, 1/2. Russia wants to borrow 100,000,000 roubles. Let the Czar send along his collaterals.
