Also 5 clevere, 6 clyuer, 7 clever, cleever. [f. CLEAVE v.1 + -ER.]
1. One who cleaves or splits (wood, etc.).
1483. Cath. Angl., 67. Clevere, fissor.
1583. Golding, Calvin on Deut. clxvi. 1026. Euen from the Clyuer of thy wood, to the drawer of thy water.
a. 1617. Hieron, Wks. (161920), II. 476. Get away if thou be a cleauer, to thy wedge and an axe.
1688. Lond. Gaz., No. 2332/2. Cleavers and Carriers of Wood.
1879. Butcher & Lang, Odyss., iv. 5. Achilles, cleaver of the ranks of men [Ἀχιλλῆος ῥηξήνορος].
2. An instrument for cleaving; spec. a butchers chopper for cutting up carcasses.
[Rogers, Agric. & Pr. refers to cleavers under 1449, 1550, 1554, 1566; language of record not stated.]
1580. Hollyband, Treas. Fr. Tong., Couperet, a butchers knife, a cleauer.
1633. Massinger, New Way, V. i. Cook. If that I had my cleaver here, I would divide your knaves head.
1868. Stanley, Westm. Abb., ii. 99. The Royal Cook stood at the door of the Abbey with his cleaver.
b. Marrow-bones and cleavers: freq. referred to as instruments of rough music.
1712. Arbuthnot, John Bull, I. xvi. in Swifts Wks. (1766), VIII. 212 (J.). To keep a parcel of roaring bullies about me day and night, with huzzas, and hunting-horns, and ringing the changes on butchers cleavers.
17168. Lady M. W. Montague, Lett., I. xxxvii. 145. As if a foreigner should take his ideas of English music from the marrow-bones and cleavers.
1765. B. Thornton (title), Ode on St. Cecilias Day, adapted to the ancient British Musick; viz. the Salt-box, Jews-Harp, the Marrow-bones and Cleavers, the Humstrum or Hurdy-gurdy, &c.
1801. Strutt, Sports & Past., IV. i. 220.