Pa. t. chid; pa. pple. chid, chidden. Forms: 1 cídan, 3–5 chiden, (4–6 chyde(n, 5 chyte), 4– chide. For inflexions see below. [OE. cíd-an wk. vb.: not known in the other Teutonic langs.
The original inflexions were: pa. t. OE. cídde, ME. chidd(e, chid, mod. chid; pa. pple. OE. cíded, cidd, cid, ME. chidd(e, chid, mod. chid; but in 5–6 chode, chidden formed on the analogy of the strong verbs (e.g., ride), came into partial use, and chidden at least is still common; chided is occasional in modern writers. (OE. and ME. contracted the 3rd pers. pres. indic. as cít, chit.)]
1. intr. To give loud or impassioned utterance to anger, displeasure, disapprobation, reproof.
† a. To contend with loud and angry altercation; to brawl, wrangle. Obs.
c. 1000. Ælfric, Exod. xxi. 18. Gif men cidaþ.
c. 1050. Gloss., in Wr.-Wülcker, 347. Altercaretur, cidde.
c. 1205. Lay., 8149. Heo bigunnen to chiden.
c. 1250. Gen. & Ex., 2722. He saȝ chiden in ðe wey two egypcienis, modi & strong.
c. 1340. Cursor M., 6681 (Trin.). If two chide [earlier texts, flite] & þat oon þe toþer smyte.
c. 1460. Towneley Myst., 115. We wille nawther … Fyght nor chyte.
1483. Cath. Angl., 63/1. To chyde, litigare … ubi, to flyte.
1552. Act 5 & 6 Edw. VI., c. 4 § 1. Yf anye person … shall … by wordes onelye quarrell, chyde or brawle in any Churche or Churcheyarde.
1693. W. Robertson, Phraseol. Gen., 329. They did chide and brawl so long till they fell together by the ears.
† b. To give loud and angry expression to dissatisfaction and displeasure; to scold. Obs.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 113. Crist nalde flitan ne chidan.
1297. R. Glouc. (Rolls), 8024. He chydde & made hym wroþ.
1340. Ayenb., 67. Þe ilke þet ne dar ansuerye ne chide … he beginþ to grochi betuene his teþ.
1377. Langl., P. Pl., B. I. 191. Chewen heore charite and chiden after more.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Chan.-Yem. Prol. & T., 368. Whan that oure pot is broke … Every man chyt.
c. 1440. York Myst., xxvi. 180. Þou chaterist like a churle þat can chyde.
1529. More, Comf. agst. Trib., II. Wks. 1187/2. Other folk … had a good sporte to heare her chide.
a. 1717. Swift, Lett. (1766), II. 293. I am confident you came chiding into the world, and will continue so while you are in it.
c. To scold by way of rebuke or reproof; in later usage, often merely, to utter rebuke.
1393. Langl., P. Pl., C. IV. 224. Ich cam noȝt to chiden.
1535. Coverdale, Ps. cii[i]. 9. He wil not allwaye be chydinge.
1660. Milton, Sonn., xiv. To serve therewith my Maker, and present My true account, lest he, returning, chide.
1764. Goldsm., Hermit, xxxvii. The wondering fair one turned to chide.
a. 1839. Praed, Poems (1864), I. 301. To smile on me, to speak to me, to flatter or to chide.
d. fig. Applied to sounds that suggest angry vehemence: as the yelping of hounds in ‘cry,’ the querulous notes of quails, ‘brawling’ of a torrent, angry blast of the wind, etc.
1594. 2nd Rep. Faustus, xxii. in Thoms, Prose Rom. (1858), III. 396–7. His javelin … being denyed entrance, for very anger rent it self in forty pieces, and chid in the air.
1615. G. Sandys, Trav., 27. Partridges … flie chiding about the vineyards.
1620. Melton, Astrolog., 3. The lowdest storme that could ever chide.
1820. Keats, Eve St. Agnes, iv. The silver snarling trumpets ’gan to chide.
† 2. Const. a. In OE. construed with dative of personal object, in sense ‘to rebuke’; later, with various preps., esp. at; hence by levelling of dat. and acc. the trans. sense 3. Obs.
c. 1000. Ags. Gosp., Mark i. 25. Ða cydde se hælend him.
c. 1160. Hatton G., ibid. Þa kydde se hælend hym.
1393. Gower, Conf., I. 295. If … thou at any time hast chid Toward thy love.
1588. Shaks., L. L. L., IV. iii. 132. You chide at him, offending twice as much. Ibid. (1591), Two Gent., II. i. 78. You chidde at Sir Protheus, for going vngarter’d.
† b. with with: To complain aloud against (so later, to chide against); to quarrel or dispute angrily with; to have altercation with. Obs.
a. 1000. Thorpe, Hom., I. 96 (Bosw.). Cide he wið God.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 103. Þe mon sorȝeð … and chit þenne wið gode.
a. 1250. Owl & Night., 287. Ne lust me wit the screwen chide.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 12972 (Cott.). Yeitt can þat chinche wit godd to chide.
1382. Wyclif, Judg. xxi. 22. Whanne the faders of hem comen and aȝens ȝou bigynnen to pleyne and chiden.
a. 1450. Knt. de la Tour (1868), 21. She … chidde with hym afore alle the peple.
1513. Douglas, Æneis, VIII. Prol. 126. Churle, ga chat the and chyd with ane vther.
1535. Coverdale, Gen. xxxi. 36. And Iacob was wroth, and chode with Laban [so 1611].
1611. Bible, Ex. xvii. 2. Moses said vnto them, Why chide you with mee?
1693. W. Robertson, Phraseol. Gen., 329. To chide or quarrel with one.
1869. Spurgeon, J. Ploughm. Talk, 6. We have a stiff bit of soil to plough when we chide with sluggards.
3. trans. To address (a person) in terms of reproof or blame: in earlier use implying loud vehemence, to ‘scold’; in later use often little more than ‘reprove, rebuke.’ (The main modern use, but now chiefly literary, and somewhat archaic).
This comes down directly from the OE. const. with the dative, which may still be valid for early ME. examples.
c. 1230. Hali Meid., 31. Chit te & cheopeð þe & schent te schomeliche.
a. 1250. Owl & Night., 1329. Ah ȝet thu, fule thing, me chist.
c. 1340. Cursor M., 13867 (Trin.). For iewes so had him chid.
1387. Trevisa, Higden (Rolls), VII. 35. Þere Dunston was strongliche despised and i-ched.
1430. Lydg., Chron. Troy, II. xii. Ye shall heare anone how that he chit The quene Heleyne.
1557. K. Arthur (W. Copland), VII. vi. Euer she chode him and wolde not rest.
1596. Shaks., 1 Hen. IV., II. iv. 410. Thou wilt be horrible chidde to morrow.
1629. J. Cole, Of Death, 32. Peevish children, who … are but chidden in their first schoole.
1646. Sir R. Murray, in Hamilton Papers (Camden, 1880), 108. You encourage me … when I should rather be chid for it.
1720. Gay, Poems (1745), II. 64. The Priest … First chid her, then her sins remitted.
1751. Johnson, Rambl., No. 182, ¶ 5. Having chidden her for undutifulness.
1791. Cowper, Iliad, XVII. 520. He stroked them gently and as oft he chode.
1847. Tennyson, Princess, VI. 271. Kiss and be friends, like children being chid!
1848. Mrs. Jameson, Leg. Monast. Ord., Introd. (1863), 40. The monks have been sorely chidden for [this].
1861. P. Young, Daily Readings, II. 298. Our Lord returned to His disciples and chode them for their want of faith.
1870. Bryant, Iliad, I. IV. 121. Atrides … spake and chid them.
1879. Beerbohm, Patagonia, vi. 97. I have never seen a child chided or remonstrated with.
b. fig. and transf. To scold, rebuke, or find fault with (a thing, an action, etc.).
c. 1386. Chaucer, Nun’s Priest’s T., 531. The Friday for to chiden … (For on a Fryday sothly slayn was he).
1590. Shaks., Mids. N., III. ii. 200. Wee haue chid the hasty footed time, For parting vs. Ibid. (1606), Tr. & Cr., II. iii. 221. The Rauen chides blacknesse.
1770. Goldsm., Des. Vill., 150. He chid their wanderings, but relieved their pain.
1776. Gibbon, Decl. & F., I. xi. 303. The emperor … chided the tardiness of the senate.
1860. Cdl. Wiseman, Past. Lett., 25 March, 20. Could that power have been reproved, chided, and even corrected … by so dependent an authority?
1865. Swinburne, Poems & Ball., Ilicet, 137. Before their eyes all life stands chidden.
c. Said of hounds, brawling streams, etc.
1596. Spenser, F. Q., I. i. 1. His angry steede did chide his foming bitt.
1596. Shaks., 1 Hen. IV., III. i. 45. The Sea That chides the Bankes of England.
1697. Dryden, Virg. Eclog., v. 132. Streams that … the scarce cover’d Pebbles gently chide.
1810. Scott, Lady of L., I. viii. The baffled dogs … Chiding the rocks that yell’d again.
4. With adv. or advb. compl.: To drive, impel, or compel by chiding.
1590. Shaks., Mids. N., III. ii. 312. He hath chid me hence.
1633. G. Herbert, Temple, Church Militant, 105. He chid the Church away.
1634. Milton, Comus, 258. Scylla … chid her barking waves into attention.
1643. Angier, Lanc. Vall. Achor, 29. This seasonable check chode us to duty.
1738. Wesley, Hymns, ‘Triumphal Notes,’ ii. Thy Word bids Winds and Waves be still, And chides them into Rest.
1836. Emerson, Nature, Lit. Ethics, Wks. (Bohn), II. 219. Be neither chided nor flattered out of your position.
