Forms: 4–7 cariage, 5 karyage, 5–6 caryage, 5–7 carryage, (Sc. 5–7 carage, 6 carraige), 6– carriage. [a. ONF. cariage, in mod.F. charriage, Picard carriage action of conveying in a vehicle, f. carier, mod.F. charrier to carry (in a cart, etc.): see -AGE.]
I. The action of carrying.
1. Carrying or bearing from one place to another; conveyance.
1388. Wyclif, Gen. xlv. 19. That thei take waynes … to the cariage [1382 kariying] of her little children.
c. 1440. Promp. Parv., 62. Caryage, vectura, portagium, etc.
1534. Ld. Berners, Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. (1546), F b. The horse, that hathe … passed his course of caryage, shoulde reste hym.
1626. Bacon, Sylva, § 193. The carriage of the Sounds.
1693. Urquhart, Rabelais, III. lii. 422. Their Carriages by Wains and Carts of the Wines.
1725. De Foe, Voy. round World (1840), 299. Mules or horses for carriage.
1825. McCulloch, Pol. Econ., III. vi. 284. For the expences of carriage as for those of production.
b. with obj. genitive, or special reference to the object: = ‘being carried.’
1611. Shaks., Cymb., III. iv. 190. Least … I be suspected of Your carriage from the Court.
1719. De Foe, Crusoe (1840), I. xx. 359. Trees, which … lay there for carriage.
1826. Sir J. S. Sebright, Observ. Hawking (1828), 35. By constant carriage, not only by day, but also … during a part of the night.
2. esp. Conveyance of merchandise; commercial transport; traffic of transport; carrying trade.
1523. Fitzherb., Husb., § 128. The erthe swelleth & bolneth … with treadynge, and specyally with caryage.
1547. Act 1 Edw. VI., v. § 5. The cariage or conveyaunce of anny horses … into Scotelande.
1684. Burnet, trans. More’s Utopia, 73. The Streets are made very convenient for all Carriage.
1727. De Foe, Eng. Tradesm., xxvi. (1841), I. 260. Our river navigation is not to be named for carriage with the vast bulk of carriage by packhorses and by wagons.
a. 1797. Burke, Late State Nation (R.). The largest proportion of carriage had been engrossed by neutral nations.
1834. Southey, Doctor, xxiii. (1862), 52. The whole carriage of the northern counties was performed by pack-horses.
† 3. An impost on the transport of goods through a country or territory; a customs duty, toll, or carrier’s licence. Obs.
[c. 1200. in Dugdale, Monast., I. 310. Soluta et quieta de omnibus Geldis … et lastagio et stallagio et carriagio.]
1771. Antiq. Sarisb., 80. Free from Toll, Pontage, Passage, Pasture, Lestage, Stallage, Carriage and every other Custom.
† 4. An obsolete service of carrying, or a payment in lieu of the same, due by a tenant to his landlord or feudal superior, or imposed by authority. Cf. AVERAGE sb.1 Obs.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Pers. T., ¶ 677. Distreyned by taylages, custumes, and cariages.
1480. Caxton, Chron. Eng., ccxxii. 214. Touchyng vitails and also of caryages.
1549. Compl. Scot., xv. 125. i am maid ane slaue of my body to ryn and rashe in arrage & carraige.
1571. Campion, Hist. Irel., II. viii. (1633), 102. The Irish impositions of Coyne and Lyverie, Cartings, carriages, loadings [etc.].
1611. Bible, Pref., 2. He [Solomon] had … troubled them with some cariages.
1703. in Keble, Bp. T. Wilson (1863), 194. To leave all such carriages, Boones and services on the same foot as already provided for by Law.
1755. in United Presbyter. Mag., April (1884), 156. To answer all carriages and days’ dargs exacted by the laird.
1754–1835. [see AVERAGE sb.1].
5. (ellipt. or contextually) The price, expense or cost of carrying.
1753. Chambers, Cycl. Supp., Carriage, also denotes the money or hire paid to a carrier, or other bearer of goods. The carriage of letters is called postage.
1866. Rogers, Agric. & Prices, I. xx. 504. Sometimes the carriage is given as a separate item.
† 6. (contextually) Power, ability or capacity for carrying; (in quot. 1588 quibblingly). Obs.
1588. Shaks., L. L. L., I. ii. 74. Sampson … was a man of good carriage, great carriage; for hee carried the Towne-gates on his backe like a porter.
1740. Pineda, Eng. Span. Dict., s.v., A Beast of Carriage, a Ship of Carriage.
7. Arith. See CARRY 7.
1847. De Morgan, Arithmet. Bks., Introd. 22. Proceed with each figure, and carriage.
† 8. ‘Bearing,’ course, direction. Obs.
1668. Culpepper & Cole, Barthol. Anat., I. vi. 10/1. The insertion of many Nerves, and the oblique carriage of many fibres. Ibid., 12/2. The carriage of Fibres.
9. The carrying of a fortress, etc.; also carriage away: cf. CARRY 16, 46.
1603. Knolles, Hist. Turks (1631), 610. Solyman … resolued forth with to besiege Vienna, the chiefe citie of Austria, in good hope that by the carriage away of that, the other cities … would without any resistance be yeelded vnto him.
10. Action of conducting, carrying out; execution; conduct, management, administration.
1601. R. Johnson, Kingd. & Commw. (1603), 82. The whole Gouernment and carriage of affaires.
1611. Speed, Hist. Gt. Brit., X. i. (1623), 1241/1. A Proclamation came forth against all griping Monopolies that hindred commerce, and Protections … as also against other abuses in other inferiour carriages.
1650. B., Discolliminium, 21. He … excuseth the carriages or miscarriages of these affaires.
1652. Needham, trans. Selden’s Mare Cl., Ep. Ded. 18. The eies of all the world, are fixt upon the carriage and conduct of this noble enterprise by Sea.
1876. Belfast News, 22 Nov., 3/3. Messrs. —— solicitors, had the carriage of the sale.
1884. Law Times Rep., L. 26 April, 246/1. The carriage of the order [for winding-up of a company] is given to the first petitioner.
11. The carrying (of a motion).
1879. O’Connor, Beaconsfield, 397. The consequence of the carriage of the motion would be the expulsion of Lord John Russell from power, and the substitution of Mr. Disraeli and his friends as successors.
II. Manner of carrying; conduct, behavior.
12. Manner or way of carrying or bearing (e.g., anything in the hand, the body, or any part of it).
1621. Burton, Anat. Mel., III. ii. III. iii. (1651), 470. ’Tis not the eye, but carriage of it.
1653. Walton, Angler, I. v. The ill carriage of the line … makes you lose your labour.
1688. R. Holme, Armoury, III. 150/1. A good Graver … [must] have a curious & exact carriage of the Hand.
1771. Budgell, Spect., No. 67, ¶ 11. An handsome carriage of the body.
1821. De Quincey, in ‘H. A. Page,’ Life, I. v. 97. A peculiar and graceful carriage of her head.
13. Manner of carrying one’s body; bodily deportment, bearing, mien.
1596. Shaks., 1 Hen. IV., II. iv. 466. A goodly portly man … of a most noble Carriage.
1653. H. Cogan, trans. Pinto’s Trav., xxxviii. § 3. 153. A stately carriage, far different from that he was wont to have.
1705. Addison, Italy, 45. A free and easie Carriage.
1866. G. Macdonald, Ann. Q. Neighb., ix. (1878), 135. He had the carriage of a military man.
14. Manner of conducting oneself socially; demeanor; deportment, behavior. (Referring to manners.) arch.
1590. Shaks., Com. Err., III. ii. 14. Teach sinne the carriage of a holy Saint.
1642. Fuller, Holy & Prof. St., III. xxi. 211. Others have so scornfull a carriage.
1697. Dampier, Voy., xiii. (1698), 372. A pretty ingenious young man … of a very civil carriage and behaviour.
1741. Middleton, Cicero, II. vii. 6. Her husbands peevishness and churlish carriage.
1818. Byron, Juan, I. lxvi. Her very prudent carriage.
b. Manner of acting to or towards others; treatment of others. arch.
1598. Bacon, Hypocrites, Ess. (Arb.), 117. Their … honest carriage towardes men. Ibid. (1612), Faction, ibid. 83. The even carriage between two factions, proceedeth not alwaies of moderation.
1646. Sir T. Browne, Pseud. Ep., I. x. (1686), 30. Who can but laugh at the carriage of Ammon unto Alexander?
1692. South, 12 Serm. (1697), I. 125. We have treated of men’s carriage to Christ in this world.
1725. De Foe, Voy. round World (1840), 158. Our men were so moved by the affectionate carriage of this poor woman to her infant, that they told me it brought tears from their eyes.
1844. Disraeli, Coningsby, II. IV. xii. 165. Lucretia’s carriage towards her gave her little discomfort.
1856. Emerson, Eng. Traits, vi. Manners, Wks. (Bohn), II. 48. Nothing can be more delicate … than the courtship and mutual carriage of the sexes.
† c. (with pl.) An act of behavior towards another. Obs.
1649. Bp. Hall, Cases Consc., I. ix. In all which mutuall carriages, we ought to be guided by those respects which we could wish tendered to ourselves in the like occasions.
1682. Bunyan, Holy War, 338. After some mutual carriages of love. Ibid. (1681), Pilgr., II. 6. All her unkind, unnatural, and ungodly carriages to her dear Friend.
15. Habitual conduct or behavior. (Referring to morals or character.)
1588. Thynne, Lett., in Animadv. (1865), Introd. 92. Makinge my actions the towchestone of the honest cariage of myself.
1648. Herrick, Hesper., Epit. sober Matron. With blamelesse carriage I liv’d here.
1712. Steele, Spect., No. 480, ¶ 2. Something of their own Carriage they would exempt from Examination.
1759. Sterne, Tr. Shandy (1802), I. vii. 14. A person of decent carriage.
1844. Disraeli, Coningsby, I. II. i. 143. That irregular and unsettled carriage of public men, which so perplexed the nation after the passing of the Reform Act.
b. Conduct or action in given circumstances.
1587. Fleming, Contn. Holinshed, III. 1402/2. His fidelitie and good carriage in small things.
1634–46. Row, Hist. Kirk (1842), 217. His cariage in relation to Gowrie’s Conspiracie.
1663. Gerbier, Counsel, C iv a. Negotiations … wherein your Lordships carriage hath justly deserved the respects of those.
1868. Freeman, Norm. Conq. (1876), II. ix. 409. Harold’s energetic carriage in the Welsh campaign.
† c. Short for ‘good carriage.’ (Also in sense 13.)
1618. Fletcher, Island P’cess, II. i. One without carriage or common sense.
1621. Elsing, Debates Ho. Lords (1870), 106. Protested his innocencye and carryage in that place.
1666. Pepys, Diary, 27 Sept. She is poor in clothes, and not bred to any carriage.
† 16. A piece of conduct; action; proceeding.
1609. Tourneur, Fun. Poeme Sir F. Vere, 120, B 2 b.
| For as | |
| His former carriages did duely passe | |
| Through those right waies by which he should obey. |
1633. Bp. Hall, Hard Texts, 244. All her actions & carriages are full of honor.
1696. Stillingfl., Serm., iv. 159. Men, sober, just, humble and meek in all their carriages.
† 17. Manner or way of conducting or managing (an affair). Obs.
1612. Davies, Why Ireland, &c. (1747), 9. Touching the carriage of the Martiall affaires from the seventeenth year [etc.].
1658. Bp. Reynolds, Lord’s Supp., xvii. To leave every man in the external carriages of his worship unto the conduct of his private fancy.
1683. Evelyn, Diary, 13 July. Some dislike of the present carriage of matters at Court.
III. That which is carried.
† 18. Something carried; a burden, a load. Obs.
1458. MS. Christ’s Hosp., Abingdon, in Dom. Archit., III. 41. For cartis with cariage may goo & come.
1523. Ld. Berners, Froiss., I. lv. Their horses with caryages entred in: and the two that came last [were] laden with coles.
1583. Babington, Commandm. (1590), 339. The pismire … whose many little cariages, as you see, make a great heape at last.
1598. Barret, Theor. Warres, II. i. 27. The musket is a heauie cariage, and painfull to be handled.
1607. Topsell, Four-f. Beasts, Ded. 5. When our backs be broak, they must take up the carriage.
1794. Worlidge, Dict. Rust. et Urb., s.v. Saddle, To keep the Portmanteau, or other Carriage off the Riders back.
b. A load, as a quantity definite or indefinite.
1596–7. S. Fische, in App. Hist. Croydon (1783), 152. We get in carriages of stone and bricke.
1704. Worlidge, Dict. Rust. et Urb., s.v., Carage of Lime is 64 Bushels.
1805. Forsyth, Beauties Scotl., I. 519. Bringing … carriages of lime.
c. fig. Burden, load.
a. 1553. Udall, Royster D., III. ii. Mery Doth not love lade you? Cust. I feele no such cariage.
1610. Shaks., Temp., V. i. 3. Time Goes vpright with his carriage.
† 19. Baggage. (Originally collect.; later often in pl.) Obs. a. The portable equipment of an army, L. impedimenta; = BAGGAGE 2. Sometimes including the whole baggage-train.
1375. Barbour, Bruce, VIII. 275. The cariage … Behynd hym levyt he all still.
a. 1400[?]. Morte Arth., 2282. They kaire to the karyage and take whate them likes.
1460. Capgrave, Chron., 313. In the tyme of the batail al her cariage was stole be the Frenschmen.
1586. J. Hooker, Girald. Irel., in Holinshed, II. 84/1. The cariage was dragging after the armie, and slenderlie manned.
1598. Grenewey, Tacitus’ Ann., I. xi. (1622), 21. The carriages inclosed in the middest [mediis impedimentis].
1611. Speed, Hist. Gt. Brit., IX. iv. 43. The King … had sent his maine Army to conduct the Carriages.
1618. Bible, 1 Sam. xvii. 22. Dauid left his cariage in the hand of the keeper of the cariage.
1644. Slingsby, Diary (1836), 130. His carriage could not pass.
1655. Stanley, Hist. Philos. (1701), 116. To burn their Carriages and Tents.
b. Movable or portable property; baggage or luggage carried with one on a journey, etc.
1398. Trevisa, Barth. De P. R., XVIII. xix. (1495), 778. The camell is … gode … to bere charge and caryage of men.
c. 1425. Three Kings Cologne, 40. Euery kyng … had with hym his cariage, þat is to seye beestys, as oxen and schepe and oþer beestis þat longeth to mannys lyuyng and sustynaunce.
1563. Foxe, A. & M. (1583), 988. This Cardinall [Wolsey] … hauing in his cariage lxxx wagons.
1598. Hakluyt, Voy., I. 94. Constrained at euery baite to take downe my carriages and lift them up againe on sundry horses backs.
1611. Bible, Acts xxi. 15. We tooke vp our cariages, & went vp to Hierusalem.
1655. trans. Sorel’s Com. Hist. Francion, IX. 2. A little Waggon, which to morrow, I will cause to be made here, to put my Carriages in it, which is too heavy for my Sumpter-horse.
1743. R. Poole, Journ. France & Holl. (1744), I. 200. I would greatly have lessen’d my Carriage, and my expence also thereby.
† 20. Leaves and branches carried away by a stag with his antlers when passing through a thicket or wood. Obs.
1616. Surfl. & Markh., Countr. Farm, 684. If the Hart be tall and large, the cariages will also be somewhat large.
† 21. Meaning carried by words; burden, import, purport, bearing. Obs.
1602. Shaks., Ham., I. i. 94. By the same cov’nant And carriage of the article design’d.
1607. Hieron, Wks., I. 367. This was the question, as appeareth by the whole carriage of the former chapter.
16[?]. Time’s Store-ho., 112 (L.). The Hebrew text hath no other carriage.
IV. Means of carrying.
* In general use.
† 22. collect. Means of conveyance. Obs.
c. 1450. Merlin, x. 144. On the tother side come all the cariage of the londe, and brought vitaile.
1612. Brinsley, Lud. Lit., Introd. 16. Knowing languages to be the carryage of knowledge.
1710. Act 9 Anne, xi.[x.] § 6. Letters and Packets, passing or repassing by the Carriage called the Penny-Post.
1800. Wellington, Lett., in Gurw., Disp., I. 104. To proceed with that quantity for which they have at present carriage.
† 23. A vehicle or means of conveyance of any kind. Obs. exc. in wheel carriage; = next.
15[?]. Dk. Northumb. Household Bk., xlix. (1827), 386. Ther shall be a Caryage apontide at every Remevall for the Cariage of my Lordes Childre Stuff.
1665. G. Havers, P. della Valle’s Trav. E. India, 90. One of those Carriages which the Portugals call Rete … a net of cords ty’d at the head and feet, and hanging down from a great Indian Cane.
1740. Johnson, Drake, Wks. IV. 441. The most useful animals of this country … serving as carriages over rocks and mountains.
1771. Smollett, Humph. Cl., 23 April. The poor chairmen and their carriages. Ibid., 26 April. Coaches, chaises, chairs, and other carriages.
1776. Adam Smith, W. N. (1869), II. V. i. 307. A high way, a bridge, a navigable canal, may … be … made and maintained by a small toll upon the carriages that make use of them.
1786. Burns, Inventory. Wheel carriages I hae but few, Three carts … ae auld wheelbarrow.
1837. Carlyle, Fr. Rev. (1872), III. 94. No wheel-carriage rolls this morning in these streets.
† 24. A wheeled vehicle generally. Obs. or arch.
1560. Whitehorne, Arte Warre (1588), 41 a. I would that euery ten men of armes, should haue fiue carriages.
1611. Cotgr., Charroy, a cart, or other cariage.
1693. Pittington Vestry Bk. (Surtees), 210. For mending the church gate that carriages comes in at, 2s. 6d.
1711. Lond. Gaz., No. 4935/4. Wheels of all manner of Carriages.
1741. Act 14 George II., xlii. § 5. Carts, waggons, or other carriages, employed only about Husbandry, or carrying of only Cheese, Butter, Hay, Straw, Corn.
1757. Gentl. Mag., 528. Laws … for … regulating the drivers of carriages within this city [London].
25. A wheeled vehicle for conveying persons, as distinct from one for the transport of goods. Often in comb., as hackney-carriage, railway-carriage, travelling-carriage, etc.
1706. Phillips, Carriage, also a kind of cover’d or close waggon.
1748. Smollett, Rod. Rand., xi. The master of the waggon … fearing the captain and his lady would take umbrage and leave his carriage [etc.]. Ibid. (1751), Per. Pic., lii. (heading), The whole company set out for Ghent in the Diligence … Our Hero is captivated by a Lady in that Carriage.
1837. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., II. IV. v. Monsieur in a commonplace travelling carriage is off Northwards.
1875. Huddersfield Examiner, 30 Oct., 8/5 The supervisor of excise … said that the word ‘carriage’ as defined by the Act of Parliament, meant any vehicle not used for carrying merchandise or any kind of goods.
1884. Miss Braddon, Ishmael, xxix. Lolling in the corner of a railway carriage.
26. spec. A wheeled vehicle kept for private use for driving in; especially an elegant four-wheeled vehicle having accommodation for four persons inside, and drawn by two or more horses. Carriage and pair: one drawn by a pair of horses.
This use began about the middle of the 18th c.; coach was the word in earlier use.
[1741. Act 14 Geo., II. xlii. § 5. The covered Carriages of noblemen and Gentlemen for their private use.]
1771. Smollett, Humph. Cl., 24 May. The postilion behind, endeavouring to stop the carriage.
1794. W. Felton (title), A Treatise on Carriages. comprehending Coaches, Chariots, Phaetons, Curricles, Whiskies, &c.
1848. Thackeray, Van. Fair, viii. A carriage and four splendid horses.
1879. Times, 27 Aug., 5/5. Loud cheers were raised, which continued until the party drove off in a carriage and pair.
1884. Miss Braddon, Ishmael, xxix. I wonder that you can drive in an open carriage in such weather.
** In technical use.
27. The wheeled support on which a piece of ordnance is mounted; a gun-carriage.
1560. Whitehorne, Arte Warre (1588), 97 a. To make the carriage of the artillery, with the spokes of ye wheele crooked towardes the Axeltræ.
1603. Knolles, Hist. Turks, 684 (J.). The emperour … commanded … the great ordinance there taken to be laid vpon carriages, which before … lay bound in great vnweldie pieces of timber.
1706. Phillips, Carriages for Pieces of Ordinance, a kind of long, narrow Carts, each made to the proportion of the Gun it is to carry.
1776. W. Heath, in Sparks, Corr. Amer. Rev. (1853), I. 278. I should be glad to have the carriages for the four pounders sent forward.
1874. Knight, Dict. Mech., s.v. Cannon, The gun is mounted on a steel carriage weighing 15 tons.
28. Carriage-building. The wheeled framework that supports the body of a coach or similar vehicle (see quot. 1794).
1761. Official Descr. Royal State Coach, The whole of the carriage and body is richly ornamented.
1794. W. Felton, Carriages (1801), I. 39. Its [carriage’s] meaning is frequently confined to the under part only, on which the body is placed. Ibid., 40. All four-wheeled carriages are divided into two parts—the upper and under carriage. The upper is the main one, on which the body is hung; the under carriage is the conductor, and turns by means of a lever…. The hind wheels are placed on the upper part; the fore wheels on the under.
29. Applied to various mechanical contrivances that move and carry some part of a machine.
1688. R. Holme, Armoury, III. ii. 114/1. (Several Parts of a Press) The Carriage, is the sliding Plank on which the Marble Stone is laid.
1833. J. Holland, Manuf. Metals, II. 229. The type carriage is caused to move steadily along.
1879. Cassell’s Techn. Educ., IV. 395/2. From seven hundred to nine hundred spindles … arranged upon the ‘carriage,’ or movable part of the mule.
30. † a. The loop attached to the sword-belt, through which one passed his sword. Obs. (Perh. only an affectation.)
1602. Shaks., Ham., V. ii. 161. Ham. What call you the Carriages? Osr. The Carriages, Sir, are the hangers. Ham. The phrase would bee more Germaine to the matter; If we could carry Cannon by our sides.
b. 1847–78. Halliwell, Carriage, a belt which carries a whetstone behind a mower. (Var. dial.)
1879. in Miss Jackson, Shropsh. Word-bk.
31. Agric. An artificial channel for conveying water for irrigation, drainage, etc. Obs. or dial. (Cf. CARRIER 5.)
1669. Worlidge, Syst. Agric., iii. § 2 (1681), 22. Let the main Carriage narrow by degrees, and so let it narrow till the end, that the Water may press into the lesser Carriages, that issue all along from the main.
1679. Plot, Staffordsh. (1686), 356. Smaller carriages or trenches 40 or 50 yards asunder.
1704. Worlidge, Dict. Rust. et Urb., s.v. Drains, The lesser Drains must be made among the Carriages in the lowest places.
1885. Hampsh. Gloss. (E. D. S.), Carriage, a drain, water carriage.
32. = BEARING sb. 12. b. A rail-chair.
1788. Smeaton, in Phil. Trans., LXXIX. 3–4. A piece of brass, or brass carriage, made to fit upon the vertical part of the meridian…. This piece of brass carries the steel spindle.
1816. Specif. Losh & Stephenson’s Patent No. 4067. 6. The half lap joinings of the rails c, c placed in their carriages.
c. Arch. ‘The timber framework on which the steps of a wooden staircase are supported’ (Gwilt).
1823. P. Nicholson, Pract. Build., 188. This additional wood-work, which is necessary to the firmness and durability of the construction, is called the carriage of the stairs.
† 33. = PORTAGE. Obs.
1753. Chambers, Cycl. Supp., Carriage is also used to denote a space of ground, over which the inhabitants of New France, and other colonies of North America … are obliged to carry their boats and provisions.
IV. Attributively, and in Combination.
34. General: † a. (used for carrying), as carriage-beast, -bier, -bullock, cattle, etc.; † b. (concerned with the baggage), as carriage-man, -master; c. (referring to vehicles, senses 23–26, esp. 26), as carriage-blind, -break, -builder, -building, -clock, -door, -exercise, -frame, -head, -ladder, -lamp, -road, -spring, -tax, -top, -wheel, -window.
1548. Thomas, Ital. Gram., Giumente, any *cariage beastes.
1623. Bingham, Xenophon, 28. Lay your baggage vpon the carriage-beasts.
a. 1825. Gay Goshawk, xi. in Child, Ballads, IV. xcvi. (1886), 362/2. Rise up … And make her *carriage-bier.
1837. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., III. I. iv. 33. Pull up your *carriage-blinds.
1803. Wellington, Lett., in Gurw., Disp., I. 399. Every *carriage Bullock … should have a saddle.
1884. F. J. Britten, Watch & Clockm., 113. Used for striking the hours on in … *carriage clocks.
1860. W. G. Clark, Vac. Tour (1861), 53. It is more like a *carriage-lamp.
1375. Barbour, Bruce, VIII. 275. The *cariage-men and the pouerale.
1598. Barret, Theor. Warres, IV. iii. 110. The *cariage-maister is to furnish him with cartes and cariages.
1798. Southey, Eng. Eclog., I. A *carriage road That sweeps conveniently from gate to gate.
1869. Phillips, Vesuvius, viii. 208. Wide enough for a broad carriage-road.
1869. Nicholson, Zool., xliii. (1880), 390. In many Brachiopods the arms are supported upon a more or less complicated internal calcareous framework or skeleton … sometimes called the *‘carriage-spring apparatus.’
1887. Spectator, 5 March, 318/1. Carriage-builders and others interested in the *Carriage-tax.
1853. Sir H. Douglas, Milit. Bridges, vii. 359. A very good substitute for a capstan may be formed of a *carriage wheel.
1856. Emerson, Eng. Traits, Wealth, Wks. (Bohn), II. 70. Two centuries ago … the carriage wheels ran on wooden axles.
35. Special comb.: carriage-bridge, a military bridge running on wheels; carriage-company, people who keep private carriages; carriage-coupling, the coupling for uniting the fore and hind carriages of a four-wheeled vehicle, or for connecting the fore-carriage with the body; carriage dog, a coach-dog, a Dalmatian dog; carriage-drive, the roadway for carriages in private grounds, parks, etc.; carriage-free a., free of charge for conveyance; carriage-guard, a guard to prevent the fore-wheels of a carriage from rubbing against the body in turning sharp round; † carriage-gun, a gun mounted on a carriage; carriage-horse, † (a.) a horse used for carrying purposes; (b.) one that runs in a carriage; carriage-house, a coach-house; carriage-lady (cf. carriage-company); carriage-lock, a brake for a carriage; carriage-lubricator, a self-acting contrivance for oiling a carriage wheel-box and axle; carriage-piece, one of the slanting pieces forming the support of the steps of a wooden stair-case, a string-piece (see 32 c); carriage-step, a step or set of folding steps fixed below the door of a carriage; † carriage-trade, the trade of conveyance, carrying-trade; carriage-way, that part of roads, etc., open to, or intended for, vehicular traffic.
1853. Sir H. Douglas, Milit. Bridges, vi. 277. Neither bateaux, pontoons, nor *carriage-bridges can be conveyed.
1833. Chamb. Jrnl., No. 72. 155. Affluent merchants and tradesmen … vulgarly denominated *carriage company.
1855. Thackeray, Newcomes, I. 87. (D.). There is no phrase more elegant, and to my taste, than that in which people are described as ‘seeing a great deal of carriage-company.’
1824. Miss Mitford, Village, Ser. I. (1863), 221. The very *carriage-dog, Sancho, was individualized.
1863. Miss Braddon, J. Marchmont, I. vi. 107 (Hoppe). There was a wretched equestrian making his way along the *carriage-drive.
1742. Woodroofe, in Hanway, Trav. (1762), I. II. xvii. 76. The ship … having six *carriage guns of three pounders.
1804. A. Duncan, Trident, I. 261. A French privateer … mounted 10 carriage guns and 9 swivels.
1596. Danett, trans. Comines, 333. Their Estradiots tooke all our *carriage horses.
1647. Lilly, Chr. Astrol., lvii. 381. The Carriage-Horse attending the Army seem serviceable.
1883. E. P. Roe, in Harper’s Mag., Dec., 43/1. The drive passed to an old-fashioned *carriage-house.
1837. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., I. VII. v. (D.). No *carriage-lady … but must dismount in the mud roads … and walk.
1848. Dickens, Dombey, III. 211. (Hoppe). I put up the *carriage-steps.
1719. T. Gordon, Cordial Low Spir., 274. These advantages … will give us all the *carriage trade of the Mediterranean.
1833. Act 3–4 Will. IV., xlvi. § 116. Whenever the width of the *carriageway in such street … will allow thereof.
1875. Poste, Gaius, IV. § 3. A right of horse-way or carriage-way through his land.
Hence Carriageful, as much or as many as a carriage will hold. Carriageless a., without carriage. Carriagewards adv., towards a carriage.
1837. Marryat, Olla Podr., xxxii. A carriagefull of children.
1872. Black, Adv. Phaeton, II. xviii. 43. A carriageful of luggage.
1861. Trafford (Mrs. Riddell), City & Suburb, I. 284. Accordingly, carriageless John Perman was, on the morning in question, fain to hand his sister … into a Tottenham omnibus.
1871. Daily News, 23 Feb. Some men were to be observed hurrying carriagewards with three or four [bottles of wine].
